Auguste Michel-Lévy

Auguste Michel-Lévy (7 August 1844 – 27 September 1911) was a French geologist. He was born in Paris.

Auguste Michel-Lévy
Born	7 August 1844 Paris, France
Died	27 September 1911 (1911-09-28) (aged 67)
Nationality	French
Scientific career
Fields	Geology
Institutions	Geological Survey of France

Biography

He became inspector-general of mines, and director of the Geological Survey of France. He was distinguished for his researches on extrusive rocks and their microscopic structure and origins. He employed the polarizing microscope early on for the identification of minerals.^[1] In his many contributions to scientific journals he described the granulite group, and dealt with pegmatites, variolites, eurites, the ophites of the Pyrenees,^[2] the extinct volcanoes of Central France, gneisses, and crystalline schists.^[3]

He wrote "Structures et classification des roches éruptives" (1889), but his more elaborate studies were carried out with Ferdinand André Fouqué.^[1] Together they wrote on the artificial production of feldspar, nepheline and other minerals, and also of meteorites, and produced "Minéralogie micrographique: roches éruptives françaises" (1879) and "Synthése des minéraux et des roches" (1882). Levy also collaborated with Alfred Lacroix in "Les Minéraux des roches" (1888) and "Tableau des minéraux des roches" (1889).^[3][4]

Michel-Lévy interference colour chart issued by Zeiss Microscopy

Michel-Lévy pioneered the use of birefringence to identify minerals in thin section with a petrographic microscope. He is widely known for the Michel-Lévy interference colour chart, which defines the interference colors from different orders of birefringence.

He also created classification schemes for igneous rocks which accounted for their mineralogy, texture, and composition, and showed that igneous rocks of different mineralogies could be formed from the same chemical composition, with different conditions of crystallization.^[1] He named "esterellite" to the blue porphyry of Estérel in 1896.^[5][6]

References

1. Auguste MICHEL-LEVY (1844-1911) Annales.org
2. Further Contributions to the Geology of the Sierra Nevada by Henry Ward Turner
3.  One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Levy, Auguste Michel". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 519.
4. Tableaux Des Minéraux Des Roches Archived 17 August 2016 at the Wayback Machine Rare Mineralogy Book: Michel-Lévy, Auguste
5. Michel-Lévy, Auguste (1896). "Sur quelques particularités de gisement du porphyre bleu de l'Esterel". Bulletin de la Société géologique de France. 3. 24. Paris: Société géologique de France.: 123–139. Archived from the original on 31 July 2024. Retrieved 31 July 2024.
6. Michel-Lévy, Auguste (1897). Mémoire sur le porphyre bleu de l'Estérel (in French). Archived from the original on 31 July 2024. Retrieved 31 July 2024.

External links

• Modern Microscopy, Michel-Lévy Interference Color Chart
• Molecular Expressions Microscopy Primer, Michel-Lévy Birefringence Chart
• Nikon Microscopy U, Michel-Lévy Birefringence Chart
• Olympus Microscopy Resource Center Archived 10 September 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Michel-Lévy Birefringence Chart
• Carl Zeiss Microscopy, Michel-Lévy Color Chart.