Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Trento

The Archdiocese of Trento (Latin: Archidioecesis Tridentina, German Trient) is a Latin Metropolitan archdiocese of the Catholic Church in the Triveneto, named after its see in Alpine Italy, Trento (Tr(i)ent), in Trentino-Alto Adige region.

Archdiocese of Trent Archidioecesis Tridentina Arcidiocesi di Trento
Trento Cathedral
Coat of arms
Location
Country	Italy
Ecclesiastical province	Trento
Statistics
Area	6,212 km2 (2,398 sq mi)
Population - Total - Catholics	(as of 2017) 538,223 487,800 (guess)
Parishes	452
Information
Denomination	Catholic Church
Rite	Roman Rite
Established	4th century
Cathedral	Basilica Cattedrale di S. Vigilio Vescovo
Secular priests	332 (diocesan) 207 (Religious Orders) 27 Permanent Deacons
Current leadership
Pope	Francis
Metropolitan Archbishop	Lauro Tisi
Bishops emeritus	Luigi Bressan
Map
Website
Chiesa di Trento

The seat (throne) of the archbishop is in the Minor basilica Cattedrale di S. Vigilio Vescovo in Trento. The diocese has two other minor basilicas: the Basilica S. Maria Maggiore (city of Trento), and the Basilica di Ss. Sisinio, Martirio e Alessandro (Sanzeno).

History

It is said that Christianity was introduced in the Val d'Adige circa 200 AD, where the Diocese of Trento was later established.^[1] The diocese, however, was a creation of the 4th century.^[2] It became a suffragan of the Patriarchs of Aquileia-Grado.^[3]

The original cathedral of S. Vigilius was founded c. 400, and restored and rebuilt several times during the Middle Ages. It was rededicated under Bishop Altmannus by the Patriarch of Aquileia, Peregrinus, in 1145.^[4]

On 31 May 1027, the Emperor Conrad II granted the bishops of Trent the County of Trent, and thereby beginning the history of the Prince-Bishopric of Trent^[5] as a state of the Holy Roman Empire.

In 1786, it gained territory from the Diocese of Feltre.^{[citation needed]}

In August 1797, French invasion troops under General Masséna occupied Trent. They were forced to retreat in the winter, due to the Austrian advance. But they returned in January 1801, and after the Treaty of Lunéville on 9 February 1801, the prince-bishopric of Trent was abolished and its government secularized (1803); its territory was handed over to Austria and made a part of the County of Tyrol. In 1805, Trent, Tyrol, and the city and territory of Roveredo were transferred to the Kingdom of Bavaria. In 1810, the Emperor Napoleon transferred Trent to his new Kingdom of Italy, declaring Trent to be the capital of the Department of Alto Adige, and requiring it to be administered entirely by Italians.^[6]

From 1809 until 1814, Pope Pius VII was a prisoner in France, and unable to deal with the changes being made by Napoleon. On his fall, however, the pope faced a chaos in the Churches which had suffered the intrusion of the French. New diplomatic and ecclesiastical arrangements (concordats) with the various restored powers were necessary. On 9 May 1818, therefore, Pius VII issued the bull Ex Imposito, formalizing the agreements which had been reached with the Austrian Emperor Francis I concerning the provinces of Tyrol and Voralberg.^[7] The Pope noted that in a very large area there were only three dioceses (Salzburg, Trent, and Brixen) and one vicariate (Feldkirch). He announced his intention to elevate Feldkirch into a diocese.^[8] In the bull, he assigned new limits to each of the dioceses by listing the parishes; Trent gained a few parishes from Brixen.^[9] No metropolitan is named in the bull. Salzburg had been secularized at the same time as Trent, and the archbishop had died in 1812. At the time of the bull, the archbishopric of Salzburg was vacant; it was reconstituted in 1823.^[10]

On 29 September 1822, in the bull Quae Nos Gravissimi, on a petition presented by Count Antal Apponyi, ambassador of the Emperor Francis I to the Holy See, Pope Pius VII granted the emperor the privilege of nominating the bishops of Trent and Brixen. The bull states that this was done with the consent of the Chapters of the two cathedrals (who thereby lost their right to free election of their bishop), as well as of the bishop of Brixen.^[11]

On 7 March 1825, Pope Leo XII issued the bull Ubi Primum, in which he named Salzburg as the metropolitan of the ecclesiastical province, and assigned as suffragans the dioceses of Trent, Brixen, Gurk, Seckau, and Lavant.^[12] In the same document he determined that the cathedral Chapter of Trent should have three dignities (the Dean, the Provost, and the Archdeacon) and four Canons.^[13] One of the Canons was to serve as Penitentiary, another as Theologus, "who, on stated days, should explain holy scripture."^[14]

On 14 June 1929, by the bull Inter Ceteras, Pope Pius XI raised diocese of Trent to the status of an archdiocese.^[15]

On 6 July 1964, by the bull Quo Aptius, Pope Paul VI removed territory from the diocese of Trent and assigned it to the Diocese of Brixen (Bressanone).^[16]

The archdiocese of Trent only became a metropolitan see on 6 August 1964, when Pope Paul VI issued the bull Tridentinae Ecclesiae, creating a new ecclesiastical province and naming the newly created Diocese of Bolzano-Brixen as its only suffragan.^[17]

Pope John Paul II visited in July 1988 and April 1995. On the latter occasion, on 30 April 1995, he beatified Bishop Johann Nepomuk von Tschiderer zu Gleifheim, a 19th-century bishop of Trent.

Diocesan synods

A diocesan synod was an irregularly held, but important, meeting of the bishop of a diocese and his clergy. Its purpose was (1) to proclaim generally the various decrees already issued by the bishop; (2) to discuss and ratify measures on which the bishop chose to consult with his clergy; (3) to publish statutes and decrees of the diocesan synod, of the provincial synod, and of the Holy See.^[18]

Bishop Fredericus von Wangen (1207–1218) presided over a diocesan synod in Trent in 1208, and issued Synodal Statutes concerning the election of church dignities.^[19] The Teutonic Knight, Fr. Henricus, O.T. (1274–1289), held a diocesan synod on 6 November 1276.^[20] Bishop Enrico di Metz (1310–1336) held a diocesan synod on 14 January 1336, the complete proceedings of which were published by Benedetto Bonelli.^[21] In 1344, Bishop Nicolò da Bruna (1338–1347) held a diocesan synod.^[22]

A diocesan synod was held in the cathedral of Trent by Bishop Udalrich Frundsberg (1486–1493) on 17–18 March 1489. Bishop Uldarich von Liechtenstein (1486–1505) held a synod on 4–5 April 1497.^[23]

Bishop Georg von Neideck (1506–1514) held a diocesan synod.^[24] Cardinal Bernhard von Cles (1514–1539) held a diocesan synod, in 1538.^[25] Cardinal Ludovico Madruzzo (1567–1600) held a diocesan synod in 1575, in which it was decreed that clerics should not grow mustaches, since it might interfere with drinking the blood of Christ from the communion cup.^[26] Madruzzo held another synod in 1593.^[27]

Bishops and archbishops

Bishops of Trento

to 900

• Iovinus (mid-4th cent.)^[28]
• Abundantius (attested 381)^[29]
• Vigilius of Trent (c.387–c.400)^[30]
• Claudianus
• Magorius^[31]

...

• Agnellus (attested 571–591)^[32]

...^[33]

• Joannes

...

• Clementianus^[34]
• Amator (end of 8th cent.)^[35]
• Iltigario (c. 802 ?)^[36]
• Voldericus (attested 813)^[37]
• Daniel^[38]
• Heimpertus (attested 827–845)^[39]
• Odescalchus (attested 855–864)^[40]
• Adelgisus (attested 874–881)^[41]

...

900 to 1200

• Conradus (Konrad) (900–926)
• Ioannes (926–927)
• Bernardo (927–932)
• Manasse d’Arles (932–957)^[42]
• Lantramno (957–963)
• Arnoldo di Pavia (963–971)
• Raimondo di Caldore (992–1004)
• Uldarico di Flavon (1004–1022)
• Uldarico (II?) (1022–1055)
• Azzo (1055–1065)
• Enrico (1068–1082)
• Bernardo (1082–1084)
• Adalperone (1084–1106)
• Gebardo (1106–1120)
• Adelpreto (1120–1124)
• Altmannus (1124–1149)
• Arnoldus (1149–1154)
• Eberardus (1154–1156)
• Adelpretus II (1156–1177)
• Salomone (1177–1183)
• Albertus de Madruzzo (1184–1188)
• Conradus de Beseno (1188–1205)^[43]

1200 to 1500

Sede vacante (1205–1207)^[44]

• Fredericus von Wangen (1207–1218)^[45]
• Adelpretus III de Ravenstein (1219–1223)^[46]
• Gerardus Oscasali (1223–1232)^[47]
• Aldrighetto di Castelcampo (1232–1247)^[48]
• Egnon von Eppan (1250–1273)^[49]
• Henricus, O.T. (1274–1289)^[50]
• Filippo Buonacolsi (1289–1303)^[51]
• Bartolomeo Querini (1304–1307)^[52]
• Enrico di Metz (1310–1336)
• Nicolò da Bruna (1338–1347)^[53]
• Geraldus de Manhac (1347–1348)^[54]
• Joannes de Pistorio (1348–1349)^[55]
• Meinhard of Neuhaus (1349–1360)^[56]
• Albert von Ortenburg (1360–1390)^[57]
• Georg von Liechtenstein-Nicolsburg (1390–1419)^[58]
• Aleksander Mazowiecki (1424–1444)^[59]

Theobaldus von Wolkenstein (1444–1446) Intrusus^[60]

• Benedict of Trent, O.S.B. (1444–1446)^[61]
• Georg Hack von Themeswald (1446–1465)^[62]
• Johannes Hinderbach (1466–1486)^[63]
• Udalrich Frundsberg (1486–1493)^[64]
• Uldarich von Liechtenstein (1486–1505)^[65]

1500 to 1800

• Georg von Neideck (1506–1514)^[66]
• Cardinal Bernhard von Cles (1514–1539)^[67]
• Cardinal Cristoforo Madruzzo (1539–1567)^[68]
• Cardinal Ludovico Madruzzo (1567–1600)^[69]
• Cardinal Carlo Gaudenzio Madruzzo (1600–1629)^[70]
• Carlo Emanuele Madruzzo (1629–1658)^[71]
• Sigismund Francis, Archduke of Austria (1659–1665) Bishop-elect^[72]
• Ernst Adalbert von Harrach zu Rohrau (1665–1667) ^[73]
• Sigmund Alphons von Thun (1669–1677)^[74]
• Francesco Alberti di Poja (1678–1689)^[75]
• Giuseppe Vittorio Alberti d’Enno (1691–1695)^[76]
• Johann Michael von Spaur und Valör (1696–1725)^[77]

Giovanni Benedetti Gentilotti (1725) Bishop-elect^[78]

• Antonius Dominikus von Wolkenstein-Trostburg (1726–1730)^[79]
• Dominikus Anton von Thun (1730–1758)^[80]

Leopold Ernst von Fimian (1748–1756) Coadjutor^[81]

• Francesco Felice Alberti d’Enno (1758–1762)^[82]
• Cristoforo Sizzo de Noris (1763–1776)^[83]
• Peter von Thun und Hohenstein (1776–1800)^[84]

since 1800

• Emanuel Maria Thun [it] (1800–1818)^[85]

Sede vacante (1818–1824)

• Franz Xaver Luschin (1824–1834)^[86]
• Johann Nepomuk von Tschiderer zu Gleifheim (1834–1860)^[87]
• Benedetto Riccabona de Reinchenfels [it] (1861–1879)^[88]
• Giovanni Giacomo della Bona (1880–1885)^[89]
• Eugenio Carlo Valussi [it] (1886–1903)^[90]
• Celestino Endrici (1904–1929–1940)^[91]

Archbishops of Trento

• Celestino Endrici (1929–1940)^[92]
• Carlo de Ferrari, C.S.S. (1941–1962)^[93]
• Alessandro Maria Gottardi (1963–1987)^[94]
• Giovanni Maria Sartori (1987–1998)^[95]
• Luigi Bressan (1999–2016)^[96]
• Lauro Tisi (2016 – present)^[97]

See also

• Timeline of Trento

Notes

1. There is no evidence for this claim. The list of bishops begins with Iovinus, who is specifically numbered the first bishop: Ughelli V, p. 589.
2. Curzel (2005), Chiese trentine, p. 11: "Le origini della Chiesa trentina si situano nel IV secolo, nello stesso periodo in cui alle prime chiese dell’Italia settentrionale (Milano, Aquileia e Ravenna) e a quelle che erano sorte all’inizio del IV secolo (Brescia e Verona) andavano ad affiancarsi molte altre sedi episcopali."
3. In 1677, it was still a suffragan of the Patriarchate of Aquileia; the city had a population of c. 7000 Catholics. Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica V, p. 389, note 1. In 1748, it was still a suffragan of the Patriarchate of Aquileia; the city had a population of c. 9000 Catholics. Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VI, p. 416, note 1.
4. Bonelli III.2, p. 24.
5. Ughelli V, pp. 591–2. Gar, p. 4.
6. Gaetano Moroni (ed.), Dizionario di erudizione storico-ecclesiastica. Vol. LXXIX (Venice 1834), p. 301.
7. Bullarii Romani continuatio. Tomus Decimus quintus (Roma 1853), pp. 40-7. (in Latin)
8. "tribus proinde universa ea regio contineretur dioecesibus, Salisburgensi nimirum, Tridentina, et Brixinensi cum vicariata Faldkirkii constituendo"
9. Complete list of parishes in the diocese of Trent: Bullarii Romani continuatio, § 8, pp. 42–3.
10. Samuel Macauley Jackson, ed. (1911). The New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge. Vol. X. New York: Funk and Wagnalls Company. p. 182. A new archbishop, Augustin Johann Joseph Gruber, was nominated by the Emperor Francis I on 16 February 1823, and confirmed by Pope Leo XII on 17 November 1823. Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VII, p. 330.
11. Bullarii Romani continuatio. Tomus Decimus quintus (Roma 1853), p. 573. (in Latin) The pope would impose a time limit, during which the privilege could be exercised.
12. Bullarii Romani continuatio Tomus Decimus sextus (Roma 1853), pp. 304–7, at § 5. (in Latin)
13. In 1748, the Chapter had had 2 dignities and 18 Canons. Ritzler-Sefrin VI, p. 416, note 1.
14. Bullarii Romani continuatio 16, p. 305, § 3.
15. Acta Apostolicae Sedis 21 (Città del Vaticano 1929), pp. 471-473. The pope was observing the twenty-fifth anniversary of Bishop Celestino Endrici: "Cum itaque nuper clerus et fideles dioecesis Tridentinae, occasionem nacti quod solemnia peragantur pro vicesimo quinto expleto anno quo venerabilis frater Caelestinus Endrici dioecesim regendam suscepit, Nobis enixas preces porrexerint ut, ob eiusdem Tridentinae Ecclesiae praestantiam, eam ad sedis archiepiscopalis honorem et fastigium evehere dignaremur..."
16. Acta Apostolicae Sedis 57 (Città del Vaticano 1965), pp. 363-365: "Ab archidioecesi Tridentina partem territorii separamus, quae in provincia civili Bauzanensi sita est, illamque dioecesi Brixinensi adnectimus, quae dehinc Bauzanensis-Brixinensis vocabitur."
17. Acta Apostolicae Sedis 57 (Città del Vaticano 1965), pp. 367-8: "Novam ecclesiasticam provinciam constituimus, Tridentinam appellandam, cuius Ecclesia princeps Tridentina ipsa erit et metropolitana, suffraganea vero dioecesis Bauzanensis-Brixinensis." Catholic Hierarchy page. ^{[self-published source]}
18. Benedictus XIV (1842). "Lib. I. caput secundum. De Synodi Dioecesanae utilitate". Benedicti XIV ... De Synodo dioecesana libri tredecim (in Latin). Vol. Tomus primus. Mechlin: Hanicq. pp. 42–9. George Phillips (1849). Die Diöcesansynode (in German). Freiburg im Breisgau: Herder. pp. 1–23. John Paul II, Constitutio Apostolica de Synodis Dioecesanis Agendis (March 19, 1997): Acta Apostolicae Sedis 89 (1997), pp. 706-27. (in Latin)
19. Bonelli II, p. 105; III.1, p. 154.
20. Bonelli II, p. 160; III.1, p. 42.
21. Bonelli III.2, pp. 675–704.
22. Bonelli I, p. 333.
23. Bonelli III.2, p. 400, note 224.
24. Bonelli III.2, p. 400, note 225.
25. Bonelli III.1, p. 59.
26. Gaston Chamillard (1659). De Corona, Tonsura et Habitu Clericorum, locupl. Canonum ... Collectio (in Latin). Paris: Georgius Iosse. pp. 171–172.
27. Constitutiones Illustrissimi, Et Reverendissimi Domini Domini Ludovici S. R. E. Tituli Sancti Laurentij in Lucina, Presbyt. Cardinalis Madrutij, Episcopi Tridenti, etc. In Dioecesana Synodo Promulgatae Anno 1593. Tridenti: Giovanni Battista Gelmino 1594. Concilia Germaniae, quae celsissimi principis Joannis Mauritii, archiepiscopi Pragensis sumptu Joannes Fridericus Schannat magna ex parte primum collegit, dein Josephus Hartzheim ... plurimum auxit, continuavit, notis, digressionibus criticis, charta, et dissertatione chorographicis illustravit, Tomus VIII (Cologne: 1769), pp. 402-41.
28. Lanzoni, p. 937.
29. Bishop Abundantius was present at the provincial council of Aquileia in 381. J.D. Mansi (ed.), Sacrorum Conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio, editio novissima, Tomus III (Florence: A. Zatta 1759), p. 599. Ughelli V, p. 589.
30. Ambrose of Milan wrote Vigilius a letter c. 385. Lanzoni, pp. 937-939.
31. Majorius: Lanzoni, p. 939, no. 5.
32. Agnellus: Bonelli, pp. 10-12. Lanzoni, p. 940, no. 24.
33. The successors of Agnellus, down to Clementianus, bishops numbered 25 to 41, are known by name only, from the "Series Episcoporum Tridentinorum" (in: MGH: Scriptores, XIII: Supplementum Tomorum 01 12 Pars 1, p. 369. Whether they are real or fictitious, or at what dates they administered the diocese of Trent, cannot be established.
34. Only a name. Bonelli III.2, p. 15, column 1.
35. It is said that Amator, or perhaps Clementianus his predecessor, or perhaps Voldericus his successor, was present at the synod of Fréjus in 796. But there is no evidence that any bishop of Trent was present at that assembly. Bonelli III.2, p. 15, column 1. Paulinus, Patriarch of Aquileia.) (1864). Patrologiae Latinae Tomus XCIX: Sancti patris nostri Paulini patriarchæ Aquilejensis opera (in Latin). Paris: J. P. Migne. pp. 544–545.
36. Iltigarius (called Hyltigarius, in the "Series Episcoporum Tridentinorum") was also Bishop of Trieste (Italy) (802–814) and Apostolic Administrator of Koper (Slovenia) (802–814) Bonelli III.2, p. 15.
37. Bishop Voldericus was present at the consecration of a church in the diocese of Verona by Maxentius, Patriarch of Aquileia, in 813. He subscribed a charter for Bishop Rotaldus of Verona on 16 September 813. Ughelli V, p. 807-810. The "Series Episcoporum Tridentinorum" (in: MGH: Scriptores, XIII: Supplementum Tomorum 01 12 Pars 1, p. 369, column 2) lists an "Oldericus" between Hyltegarius and Danielis, but does not give him a serial number.
38. Bishop Daniel, the 44th Bishop of Trent, is known only through the "Series Episcoporum Tridentinorum", in: MGH: Scriptores, XIII: Supplementum Tomorum 01 12 Pars 1, p. 369, column 2.
39. In 827, Heimbertus (Erimbertus) sent his archdeacon Andreas to represent him at the synod of Mantua. J.D. Mansi (ed.), Sacrorum Conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio, editio novissima, Tomus XIV (Venice: A. Zatta 1769), p. 495. Bonelli III.2, pp. 16-7.
40. Udiliscalchus: Bonelli III.2, p. 16.
41. Bishop Adelgisus engaged in a conflict with the Bishop of Verona over a villa. Bonelli III.2, pp. 16-7.
42. Manasses: while already Bishop of Mantova (Mantua, Italy) (918–935) and Metropolitan Archbishop of Arles (France) (920 – death on 17 November 962); also became Bishop of Verona (Italy) (935–946) and Metropolitan Archbishop of Milan(o) (Italy) (15 October–?, 948)
43. Conradus was elected on 6 December 1188 (Gams, p. 317, column 1). He resigned the diocese on 10 March 1205, but subsequently changed his mind and attempted to recover his episcopal throne. He was suffering multiple attacks, and was unable to meet the challenges. Curzel (2004), Documenti papali, p. 68: "Tridentinus episcopus, ut dignaremur ipsi cedendi licentiam indulgere, quasdam causas inducens, propter quas eidem non videbatur idoneum pontificale deinceps officium exercere, quia parrochiani sui videlicet per se ac per alios intolerabilibus eum iniuriis et molestiis affligebant et quia, tum ratione etatis vergentis in senium, tum occasione laborum quibus fuerat multipliciter fatigatus, nimia erat debilitate confractus et propter multa homicidia, periuria et incendia que, occasione discordie quam cum suis parrochianis habuerat, hinc inde fuerant nequiter perpetrata." Pope Innocent III wrote a letter again on 24 March 1107 to the bishop of Terviso that he had ordered Conradus to vacate his office, and that the bishop should inform the Chapter of Trent to elect a new bishop within 8 days. Ughelli V, p. 601. A. Potthast, Regesta Pontificum Romanorum I (Berlin: De Decker 1874), p. 264, no. 3108. Eubel I, p. 497.
44. Curzel (2004), Documenti papali, pp. 67-74. Curzel (2015), Il Capitolo della cattedrale di Trento, dal XII secolo al 1348, pp. 67-72.
45. Von Wangen was elected by the cathedral Chapter on 9 August 1207, and confirmeb by the Bishop of Treviso, and then by Pope Innocent III. He built a new episcopal palace. He was the emperor's Vicar for Italy, and was the Chancellor of Otto IV. He died on 6 November 1218, on crusade, at Akko-Ptolemais. Ughelli V, pp. 601-602. Bonelli II, p. 104 (quoting the certificate of election); III.2, pp. 46-52. Eubel, Hierarchia catholica I, p. 497.
46. Adelpretus was elected in November 1219, and consecrated by Pope Honorius III personally. He died after 27 December 1223. Bonelli III.2, pp. 46-52. Eubel I, p. 497 with note 2.
47. A native of Cremona, Gerardus had been a Canon of the cathedral of Trent, and then Archdeacon. In April 1224, he held a diocesan synod. In 1229 he granted the Franciscan Fr. Pacifico the church of S. Michele in Trent to found a convent. He was still alive on 1 November 1232, but died shortly thereafter. Bonelli III.2, pp. 56-59. Eubel I, p. 497 with note 3.
48. Alderighetus: MGH: Scriptores, XIII: Supplementum Tomorum 01 12 Pars 1, p. 370. Eubel I, p. 497 with note 4.
49. Egon von Eppan had previously been Bishop of Brixen (Bressanonone (1240–1250). Eubel I, p. 497 with note 5.
50. Henricus was provided by Pope Gregory X on 29 September 1273. He took part in the provincial council at Aquileia in 1282. Ughelli V, pp. 608-619. Eubel I, p. 480.
51. A native of Mantua, Philippus was provided on 31 July 1289 by Pope Nicholas IV. He was seriously harassed by Henry of Bohemia, son of Maynard, Duke of Carinthia. He was transferred to the diocese of Mantua before 18 December 1303 (the day of his death), by Pope Benedict XI. Ughelli V, pp. 619-23. Eubel I, pp. 325 with note 3; 480.
52. A native of Venice, Bartholomeus Quirini had previously Bishop of Castello (1275–1303), then Bishop of Novara (1303–1304). On 10 January 1304 he was transferred to Trent by Pope Benedict XI. He died on 3 April 1307. Eubel I, pp. 171; 372; 480.
53. Nicolaus was a native of the town of Bruna in Moravia. He was Dean of Olomucz, as well as the private secretary and Chancellor of the Emperor Charles IV. He was elected Bishop of Trent, and approved by Benedict XII on 3 July 1338. He held a diocesan synod in 1339; and another in 1344 (Bonelli, p. 100 column 1), in which he published a decree against his vassals and tenants who were unjustly holding diocesan property. On 21 July 1347, he obtained a decree from Charles IV, ordering the restitution of all property unjustly seized from the Church of Trent. He died in Moravia at the end of 1347. Bonelli III.2, pp. 95-101. Eubel I, p. 498.
54. Geraldus (Gerardus) de Manhac (Magnaco) held a licenciate in utroque iure, and was Archdeacon of Bautasio in the diocese of Constance. He was a papal chaplain. He was appointed Bishop of Trent by Pope Innocent VI on 12 December 1347, and was still bishop-elect at the time of his death. On 29 May 1349, he appointed several captains-general in his territory through his viceroys, the Archdeacon and Canons of Trent. Bonelli III.2, p. 102. Eubel I, p. 498 with note 8.
55. Joannes was Dean of S. Salvator in Utrecht and a papal chaplain. He was appointed Bishop of Trent on 27 October 1348. He was transferred to the diocese of Spoleto on 23 October 1349 by Pope Clement VI. Eubel I, p. 498.
56. Eubel I, p. 498 with note 10.
57. Albert was Count of Ortenburg (Carinthia), a subdeacon, and Canon of Pavia. He was appointed Bishop of Trent by Pope Innocent VI on 31 August 1360, though on 26 February 1367 he was still bishop-elect. He died on 9 September 1390. Bonelli, pp. 109-114. Eubel I, p. 498.
58. Georg was a protonotary apostolic and Provost of the cathedral of S. Stephen in Vienna. He was appointed bishop on 10 October 1390 by Pope Boniface IX (Roman Obedience). He was named a cardinal by John XXIII on 6 June 1411, but he refused the honor. He died a prisoner of Petrus de Spor on 20 August 1419. Bonelli, pp. 114-127. Eubel I, pp. 33, no. 6; 498 with notes 11 and 12.
59. Alexander was confirmed as bishop of Trent on 24 March 1424. He presided over a diocesan synod in Trent in April 1439. He was also (uncanonical) Patriarch of Aquileia (Italy) (1440–1444) and Pseudocardinal-Priest of S. Lorenzo in Damaso (1440–1444). He died on 2 June 1444. Eubel I, p. 498.
60. After the death of Bishop Alexander on 2 June 1444, the Chapter of Trent elected Theobaldus, but he was rejected by Pope Eugenius IV; he therefore obtained confirmation from the (schismatic) Council of Basel. On 12 October 1444, Eugene appointed Benedict of Trent, but he was only able to obtain possession of the part of the diocese which was in Venetian territory. The rest was ruled by Theobaldus until his resignation on 8 June 1446, when he handed the diocese over to Abbot Johann Theul of S. Georg in Brixen, to be referred to the Council of Basel. Bonelli, pp. 137-138.
61. Benedict was Abbot of S. Stephen outside-the-walls in Trent (Ughelli), or of S. Lorenzo in Trent (Bonelli, Eubel). When Eugenius IV refused to confirm Theobaldus von Wolkenstein as bishop of Trent, he appointed Benedict, on 12 October 1444. Benedict, unable to gain control of most of the diocese, resigned in 1246, about the same time as Theobaldus, intending to go to Rome and plead his case before the pope, claiming among other things that his resignation was not voluntary. Eugenius, however, kept putting off the matter until the pope's death in 1448, though ordering Benedict's successor Georg Hack to pay Benedict 200 gold florins. Under his successor, Nicholas V, Benedict resumed his position as abbot, and instituted a lawsuit against Bishop George Hack, the Chapter, and the Provost, which dragged on until 1458. Bonelli III.2, pp. 137-138. Eubel II, p. 256.
62. Georg Hack was a native of Silesia. On the nomination of Sigismund, Duke of Austria, and the cathedral Chapter of Trent, Hack was elected bishop of Trent by the schismatic Council of Basel on 19 October 1446. His election was confirmed by Pope Nicholas V on 8 November 1448. In a document of 17 December 1451, Hack speaks of Bishop Alexander as his immediate predecessor (bonae memoriae Alexandri immediati praedecessori sui). He spent some time in Bulgaria, driven into exile because of struggles between German princes. He died on 22 August 1465. Ughelli V, pp. 636-8. Bonelli III.1, p. 252; III.2, pp. 138-41. Eubel II, p. 256 with note 2.
63. Hinderbach was a native of Rauschenberg in Hesse. He studied in Vienna and at the University of Pavia. But he obtained the degree of Doctor in utroque iure from the University of Padua in 1452. He became a Canon of Pavia and of Ratisbon, and in 1455 Provost of the cathedral Chapter of Trent. He was elected bishop of Trent by the cathedral Chapter on 30 August 1465, while he was serving as imperial ambassador to the court of Rome, but he was also provided (appointed) on 12 May 1466 by Pope Paul II, despite efforts by Cardinal Francesco Gonzaga to have the diocese of Trent for himself. Hinderbach was consecrated in Rome by Bishop Dominico of Brescia, who was serving as papal Vicar of Rome. He died on 21 September 1486. Bonelli III.2, pp. 145-61. Eubel II, p. 256 with note 3.
64. Frundsberg died on 10 August 1493. Bonelli III.2, pp. 161–165. Eubel II, p. 256 with note 4.
65. Udalrich von Liechtenstein was elected on 20 August 1493 by the Chapter of Trent, and approved on 11 April 1496, by Pope Alexander VI. On 9 February 1502, with the consent of the Chapter, Udalrich appointed Georg von Neideck his coadjutor and future successor. Udalrich died on 16 September 1505. Bonelli III.2, pp. 165–71. Eubel II, p. 256 with note 5.
66. Georg von Neideck was elected on 25 September 1505, and confirmed by Pope Julius II on 5 June 1506. He died on 5 June 1514. Eubel, Hierarchia catholica III, p. 318 with note 3.
67. Born in March 1485 and baptized on 11 March, Bernhard von Cles studied in Verona, and obtained the degree of Doctor in utroque iure from the University of Bologna in 1511. He was named a protonotary apostolic by the papal Legate on 17 December 1512. On 6 February 1513, he was appointed a Canon of the cathedral of Trent, and quickly rose to be Archdeacon. On the death of Bishop Georg von Neideck in June 1514, Bernhard was elected bishop by the Chapter of the cathedral, which was approved by Pope Leo X on 25 September 1514. He held a diocesan synod on 8 September 1515, though he was not consecrated a bishop until 10 December 1515. He was created Cardinal-Priest of Santo Stefano al Monte Celio on 16 May 1530 by Pope Clement VII. He was also Apostolic Administrator of Brixen (21 May–28 July 1539). He suffered an apoplectic stroke during the welcoming banquet in Brixen, and died on 28 July 1539, according to his tomb inscription (Bonelli, p. 191). Bonelli, pp. 175-95. Eubel III, p. 318 with note 4.
68. Cristoforo Madruzzo was appointed Bishop of Trento on 10 November 1539. He resigned on 14 November 1567, in favor of his nephew, Ludovico Madruzzo. Eubel III, p. 318 with notes 5 and 6.
69. Ludovico was the nephew of Cardinal Cristoforo Madruzzo. He was appointed on 14 November 1567. He died on 20 April 1600. Eubel III, p. 318 with note 7. S. Vareschi, "Madruzzo, Ludovico," in E. Gatz, Die Bischöfe des Heiligen Römischen Reiches (Berlin 1996), pp. 446-50 (in German). Rotraud Becker, "Madruzzo, Giovanni Ludovico", in Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani Volume 67 (2006) (in Italian).
70. Carlo Gaudenzio Madruzzo was born at the Chateau d'Issogne in the Valle d'Aosta in Savoy. He was the son of Giovanni Federico Madruzzo, Count of Valangin, and Isabella de Challant of Portugal, and the nephew of Cardinal Ludovico Madruzzo, his predecessor as bishop. He was educated at Ingolstat and Pavia, where he obtained the degree of Doctor in utroque iure. He was a Canon of Trent and of Augsburg. He was appointed Archbishop of Smyrna and coadjutor bishop of Trent on 23 October 1595. He succeeded to the episcopal throne on 2 April 1600. He was named a cardinal by Pope Clement VIII on 9 June 1604. On 25 February 1613, he was named papal Legate to the Imperial Diet in Ratisbon (May 1613). From 1620 he lived in Rome, and was given a coadjutor bishop in Trent. He became suburbicarian Bishop of Sabina on 16 September 1626. He died in Rome on 14 August 1629, and was buried in the church of S. Onuphrio. Bonelli III.2, pp. 221-226. Gauchat, Hierarchia catholica IV, p. 7, no. 42, with notes 5 and 6; with note 2.
71. Carlo Emanuele Madruzzo was confirmed by Pope Urban VIII on 14 August 1629. He died on 15 December 1658. Gauchat, p. 344 with note 3.
72. Sigismund Francis was approved on 7 February 1659. The resigned the episcopal seat on 28 May 1665. Gauchat, p. 344.
73. (Von Harrach was confirmed on 11 November 1665. He died on 25 October 1667. Gauchat, p. 344 with note 4.
74. Von Thun had previously been Bishop of Brescia. He was elected bishop of Trent by the Chapter on 9 January 1668, and was confirmed by Pope Clement IX on 9 September 1669. He died on 2 February 1677. Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica V, p. 389 with note 2.
75. Alberti, who attended the German College in Rome and was a doctor of theology (Bologna, 1639), was Archdeacon and a Canon of Trent. He was Vicar General and councillor of the Bishop of Trent from 1643. He was elected bishop by the Chapter of Trent on 3 April 1677, and was confirmed by Pope Innocent XI on 3 October 1678. He died on 4 February 1689. Bonelli III.2, pp. 243–7. Ritzler-Sefrin V, p. 390 with note 3.
76. Alberti was born in Pergino (diocese of Trent) in 1623, and held the degree of Doctor in utroque iure. By 1664, he was a Canon and Vicar General of Trent, and in 1669 he was elected Dean of Trent. He was elected bishop by the Chapter on 28 April 1689, and confirmed by Pope Innocent XII on 10 December 1691. He died on 31 December 1695. Bonelli III.2, pp. 247-8. Ritzler-Sefrin V, p. 390 with note 4.
77. Spaur was confirmed by Pope Innocent XII on 24 September 1696. Spaur died on 22 April 1725. Bonelli III.2, pp. 249-251. Ritzler-Sefrin V, p. 390 with note 5.
78. Gentilotti had been Prefect of the Imperial Library in Vienna, and served as imperial agent in Naples. He was elected Bishop of Trent on 9 September 1725. While he was in Rome, awaiting confirmation, he died on 20 September 1725, at the age of fifty-three, and was buried in the church of S. Maria della Pace. Bonelli III.2, pp. 251-7.
79. Wolkenstein was approved by Pope Benedict XIII on 8 April 1726. He died on 5 April 1730. Bonelli III.2, pp. 247-248. Ritzler-Sefrin V, p. 390 with note 6.
80. Born in Trent in 1686, Dominikus Anton was the nephew of Antonius Dominikus, his predecessor, and a Canon of the cathedral Chapter. He was elected bishop of Trent on 19 June 1730, and confirmed on 22 November 1730 by Pope Clement XII. He died on 7 September 1758. Bonelli III.2, Ritzler-Sefrin VI, p. 416 with note 2.
81. Von Fimian was appointed Bishop of Seckau in 1739. He was elected coadjutor bishop of Trent by the Canons on 29 May 1748, and approved by Pope Benedict XIV on 16 December 1748. He resigned on 20 January 1756, and continued as Bishop of Seckau. He was transferred to Passau on 26 September 1763. He was named a cardinal on 14 December 1772, and died on 13 March 1783. Bonelli III.2, pp. 260-2. Ritzler-Sefrin VI, p. 27, no. 7; 329 with note 3; 371 with note 2; 416 with note 3.
82. Alberti was elected coadjutor to Bishop Dominikus by the Canons on 6 March 1756, and was approved and named titular bishop of Miletopolis on 19 July 1756 by Pope Benedict XIV. He succeeded to the episcopal throne on 7 September 1758. He died on 31 December 1762. Bonelli, pp. 262-4. Ritzler-Sefrin VI, p. 416 with note 4.
83. Sizzo was born in Trent in 1704. He was a Canon with prebend in the cathedral Chapter of Trent. Following the death of Bishop Alberti, the Chapter met, and in several votes in March 1763, no candidate was able to obtain sufficient votes to be elected. Therefore, on 22 August 1763, Pope Clement XIII provided (appointed) Cristoforo Sizzo. He died on 16 March 1776. Bonelli, pp. 264-265. Ritzler-Sefrin VI, p. 416 with note 5.
84. Peter Michael Vigil von Thun und Hohenstein was born in Trent in 1724. He was Dean with prebend in the cathedral Chapter of Salzburg, as well as Archdeacon and Canon with prebend at Trent. He was elected by the Chapter of Trent on 29 May 1776, and approved by Pope Pius VI on 16 September 1776. He died on 17 January 1800. Ritzler-Sefrin VI, p. 416 with note 6.
85. Thun had been auxiliary bishop of Trent and titular bishop of Iasos (in Caria, Turkey) from 24 July 1797. He was appointed Bishop of Trento on 11 August 1800. He died on 9 October 1818. Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VI, p. 241, 451; VII. p. 377.
86. Luschin, a native of Teinach, was nominated Bishop of Trent on 10 November 1823, and confirmed by Pope Leo XII on 24 May 1824. On 18 March 1834, Luschin was nominated Latin rite Archbishop of Lemberg Lviv) and Primate of Galicia; his transfer was approved by Pope Leo XII on 24 May 1824; he was transferred to the diocese of Gorizia in 1835. Zeitschrift für Philosophie und katholische Theologie. Vol. 9. Cologne: R. DuMont-Schauberg. 1834. p. 241. Carinthia: Zeitschrift für Vaterlandskunde, Belehrung u. Unterhaltung (in German). Vol. 43. Klagenfurt: Kleinmayr. 1854. p. 169. Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VII, pp. 205, 236, 377.
87. Born in Bolzano in 1777, Tschiderer had been auxiliary Bishop of Brixen and titular bishop of Helenopolis (Bithynia, Turkey) from 1832 to 1834. He was nominated Bishop of Trent on 17 July 1834, and confirmed by Pope Gregory XVI on 19 December 1834. He died on 3 December 1860. Enrico Rizzoli (1874). Cenni sulla vita e le virtu di Giovanni Nepomuceno de Tschiderer, vescovo principe di Trento (in Italian) (seconda ed.). Trento: Giuseppe Marietta. p. 72. Ritzler-Sefrin, VII, pp. 211, 377.
88. A native of Cavalese (Trento), Riccabona was nominated Bishop of Verona on 1 February 1854, and confirmed by Pope Pius IX on 7 April 1854. He was transferred to the diocese of Trent on 22 March 1861. He died on 31 March 1879. Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VIII, pp. 566, 587.
89. Della Bona had been employed by Cardinal Maximilian of Milan, then by Archduke Carl-Louis in the Tyrol. He was a Canon of the cathedral of Salzburg, and then titular bishop of the island of Tenedos in the Aegean Sea, and auxiliary bishop of Salzburg (1874). He was appointed Bishop of Trent on 27 February 1880. He died on 17 November 1885. The Tablet. Vol. 54, no. 2056. London: Tablet Publishing Company. 1879. p. 312. Ritzler-Sefrin VIII, pp. 540, 566.
90. Valussi: appointed bishop on 7 June 1886. He met his death on 10 October 1903. Ritzler-Sefrin VIII, p. 566.
91. Endrici was named Bishop of Trent on 6 February 1904 by Pope Pius X. He was promoted to the rank of Archbishop by Pope Pius XI on 14 June 1929, and continued to administer the diocese for another eleven years.
92. Endrici obtained the title of archbishop on 14 June 1929. He died on 29 October 1940. Celestino Endrici (1866 - 1940): vescovo di Trento. Atti del convegno, Trento, 23 maggio 1991 (in Italian). Trento: Centro di cultura "A. Rosmini". 1992. Luigi Bressan (2019). Celestino Endrici contro il Reich: Gli archivi svelano (in Italian). Bozen: Athesia Tappeiner Verlag. ISBN 978-88-6839-359-5.
93. Ferrari was appointed on 12 April 1941 by Pope Pius XII. He died on 14 December 1962.
94. Gottardi was appointed on 12 February 1963. Archbishop Gottardi resigned on 7 December 1987.
95. Sartori was appointed on 7 December 1987. He died on 26 September 1998.
96. Bressan was appointed on 25 March 1999. He resigned on 10 February 2016, having reached the retirement age fixed by Canon Law.
97. Born in Giustino on 1 November 1962, Lauro Tisi was ordained priest in Trento on 26 June 1987; he was parish vicar in Levico from 1987 to 1988; vice-rector of the seminary from 1988 to 1995, spiritual director of the seminary from 1995 to 2007; in charge of young priests from 2001 to 2007; vicar general from 2007 to 2016. On 10 February 2016 he received the appointment of metropolitan archbishop of Trento. He was ordained bishop in the Cathedral of S. Vigilio in Trento on April 3, 2016. Chiesa di Trento, "Arcivescovo"; retrieved 23 June 2020. (in Italian)

Books

Episcopal lists

• Eubel, Conradus, ed. (1913). Hierarchia catholica (in Latin). Vol. Tomus 1 (second ed.). Münster: Libreria Regensbergiana.
• Eubel, Conradus, ed. (1914). Hierarchia catholica (in Latin). Vol. Tomus 2 (second ed.). Münster: Libreria Regensbergiana.
• Eubel, Conradus (ed.); Gulik, Guilelmus (1923). Hierarchia catholica (in Latin). Vol. Tomus 3 (second ed.). Münster: Libreria Regensbergiana. {{cite book}}: |first1= has generic name (help)
• Gams, Pius Bonifatius (1873). Series episcoporum Ecclesiae catholicae: quotquot innotuerunt a beato Petro apostolo (in Latin). Ratisbon: Typis et Sumptibus Georgii Josephi Manz. pp. 316–317.
• Gauchat, Patritius (Patrice) (1935). Hierarchia catholica (in Latin). Vol. Tomus IV (1592-1667). Münster: Libraria Regensbergiana.
• Ritzler, Remigius; Sefrin, Pirminus (1952). Hierarchia catholica medii et recentis aevi (in Latin). Vol. Tomus V (1667-1730). Patavii: Messagero di S. Antonio.
• Ritzler, Remigius; Sefrin, Pirminus (1958). Hierarchia catholica medii et recentis aevi (in Latin). Vol. Tomus VI (1730-1799). Patavii: Messagero di S. Antonio.
• Ritzler, Remigius; Sefrin, Pirminus (1968). Hierarchia Catholica medii et recentioris aevi (in Latin). Vol. VII (1800–1846). Monasterii: Libreria Regensburgiana.
• Ritzler, Remigius; Sefrin, Pirminus (1978). Hierarchia catholica Medii et recentioris aevi (in Latin). Vol. VIII (1846–1903). Il Messaggero di S. Antonio.
• Pięta, Zenon (2002). Hierarchia catholica medii et recentioris aevi (in Latin). Vol. IX (1903–1922). Padua: Messagero di San Antonio. ISBN 978-88-250-1000-8.

Studies

• Bonelli, Benedetto (1760). Notizie istorico-critiche intorno al B. M. Adelpreto Vescovo, e comprotettore della chiesa di Trento (in Italian). Vol. primo. Trento: Monauni. Bonelli, Benedetto (1761). Volume secondo. Bonelli, Benedetto (1762). Volume terzo, parte prima. Bonelli, Benedetto (1765). Voluminis tertii pars altera (III.2).
• Brackmann, Albert (1911). Germania pontificia Vol. I: Provincia Salisburgensis et Episcopatus Tridentinus. Berlin: Weidmann. (in Latin) pp. 398–410.
• Curzel, Emanuele (1994–5). Il Capitolo della cattedrale di Trento, dal XII secolo al 1348. Tesi di dottorato in Storia medievale – VII ciclo. Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore. Milano. (in Italian)
• Curzel, Emanuele (2004). Documenti papali per la storia trentina (fino al 1341). Bologna: Il Mulino (Annali dell’Istituto storico italo-germanico in Trento. Fonti, 1) (in Latin)
• Curzel, Emanuele (2005). Chiese trentine. Ricerche storiche su territori, persone e istituzioni. Sommacampagna (Vr): Cierre (Biblioteca dei Quaderni di Storia Religiosa, 4). (in Italian)
• Curzel, Emanuele and Varanini, Gian Maria (edd.) (2011). La documentazione dei vescovi di Trento : (XI secolo-1218). Bologna: Il mulino, 2011. (in Italian)
• Gar, Tommaso; degli Alberti, Francesco Felice (1860). Annali del principato ecclesiastico di Trento dal 1022 al 1540, compilati sui documenti da F.F. degli Alberti (in Italian). Trento: Monauni.
• Kink, Rudolf (1852). Codex Wangianus: Urkundenbuch des Hochstiftes Trient (in Latin and German). Wien: K.k. Hof.- u. Staatsdr.
• Landi, Walter (2014). "Il palatium episcopatus di Trento fra XI e XIII secolo. Dato documentario ed evidenze architettoniche." In: Franco Cagol, Silvano Groff, Serena Luzzi (edd.), La torre di piazza nella storia di Trento: funzioni, simboli, immagini. Atti della giornata di studio: Trento, 27 febbraio 2012. Trento: Società di Studi Trentini di Scienze Storiche (Monografie. Nuova serie, 3). ISBN 978-88-8133-039-3. pp. 141–203. (in Italian)
• Lanzoni, Francesco (1927). Le diocesi d'Italia dalle origini al principio del secolo VII (an. 604). Faenza, pp. 934–40. (in Italian)
• Obermair, Hannes (2015). How to Record a Conflict? The Communities of the German Part of the Diocese of Trent during the Late Middle Ages. In Marco Bellabarba, Hannes Obermair, Hitomi Sato (eds.). Communities and Conflicts in the Alps from the Late Middle Ages to Early Modernity. (Fondazione Bruno Kessler. Contributi/Beiträge. 30). Bologna-Berlin: Il mulino—Duncker & Humblot. ISBN 978-88-15-25383-5, pp. 101–18.
• Ughelli, Ferdinando; Coleti, Niccolo (1720). Italia sacra (in Latin). Vol. Tomus quintus (5). Venice: Sebastianus Coletus. pp. 583–654.

Sources and external links

• GCatholic.org page
• (in Italian) Official page

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