Amal is a language spoken along the border of Sandaun Province and East Sepik Province, Papua New Guinea, along the Wagana River near the confluence with Wanibe Creek.[1] Foley (2018) classifies Amal as a primary branch of the Sepik languages, though it is quite close to Kalou.
| Amal | |
|---|---|
| Region | Sandaun Province and East Sepik Province |
Native speakers | 830 (2003)[1] |
Sepik
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | aad |
| Glottolog | amal1242 |
| ELP | Amal |
Pronouns
Pronouns are:[2]
| sg | pl | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | ŋan | nut |
| 2 | in | kun |
| 3 | may | ilum |
Cognates
Amal cognates with Sepik languages are:[2]
- tal ‘woman’
- yan ‘child’
- lal ‘tongue’ < proto-Sepik *ta(w)r
- mi ‘breast’ < proto-Sepik *muk
- waplo ‘liver’
- nip ‘blood’
- yen ‘egg’
- ak ‘house’
Foley (2018) notes that there appears to be somewhat more lexical similarities between Amal and the Tama languages, but does not consider them to form a group with each other.
Vocabulary
The following basic vocabulary words of Amal are from Laycock (1968),[3] as cited in the Trans-New Guinea database:[4]
| gloss | Amal |
|---|---|
| head | makələ |
| ear | marj |
| eye | nai |
| nose | yimeʔ |
| tooth | pu |
| tongue | lal |
| leg | lü |
| louse | ŋin |
| dog | wun |
| bird | yok |
| egg | yen |
| blood | niːp |
| bone | nəŋolak |
| skin | puːk |
| breast | m |
| tree | piːt |
| man | wul |
| woman | tal |
| sun | mwak |
| moon | yimal |
| water | iːp |
| fire | waː |
| stone | tipal |
| two | kila |
References
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