Carnosauria
Extinct group of theropod dinosaurs / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Carnosauria is an extinct group of carnivorous theropod dinosaurs that lived during the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods.
Carnosaurs Temporal range: Middle Jurassic – Late Cretaceous, 174–89 Ma Possible Late Toarcian and Late Maastrichtian records. | |||
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Four carnosaurs (top to bottom): Sinraptor, Acrocanthosaurus, Concavenator, Allosaurus | |||
Scientific classification | |||
Domain: | Eukaryota | ||
Kingdom: | Animalia | ||
Phylum: | Chordata | ||
Clade: | Dinosauria | ||
Clade: | Saurischia | ||
Clade: | Theropoda | ||
Clade: | Avetheropoda | ||
Clade: | †Carnosauria von Huene, 1920 | ||
Subgroups | |||
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Synonyms | |||
Allosauroidea? Marsh, 1878 |
While Carnosauria was historically considered largely synonymous with Allosauroidea, some recent studies have revived Carnosauria as clade including both Allosauroidea and Megalosauroidea (which is sometimes recovered as paraphyletic with respect to Allosauroidea), and thus including the majority of non-coleurosaurian members of theropod clade Tetanurae.[1] Other researchers have found Allosauroidea and Megalosauroidea to be unrelated groups.[2]
Distinctive characteristics of carnosaurs include large eye sockets, a long narrow skull and modifications of the legs and pelvis such as the thigh (femur) being longer than the shin (tibia).[3]
Carnosaurs first appeared in the Middle Jurassic, around 176 mya. The last definite known carnosaurs, the carcharodontosaurs, became extinct in the Turonian epoch of the Cretaceous, roughly 90 mya; reportedly later remains of carcharodontosaurids, from the late Maastrichtian (70–66 Ma ago) Bauru Group in Brazil, were later interpreted as those of abelisaurids.[4] The phylogenetically problematic megaraptorans, which may or may not be carnosaurs, became extinct around 66 mya.[5] Unquillosaurus is another possible carnosaur that has an extended their potential geological range, being discovered in rocks dated to the Campanian, around 75-70 mya.[6][7]