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Abimael Guzmán
Peruvian Maoist revolutionary leader (1934–2021) / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Manuel Rubén Abimael Guzmán Reynoso (Latin American Spanish: [maˈnwel ruˈβen aβimaˈel ɡusˈman rejˈnoso]; 3 December 1934 − 11 September 2021[1][2]), also known by his nom de guerre Chairman Gonzalo (Spanish: Presidente Gonzalo), was a Peruvian Maoist guerrilla leader and convicted terrorist. He founded the organization Communist Party of Peru – Shining Path (PCP-SL) in 1969 and led a rebellion against the Peruvian government until his capture by authorities in 12 September 1992. He was subsequently sentenced to life imprisonment for terrorism and treason.
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Abimael Guzmán | |
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![]() Portrait of Guzmán | |
Chairman of the Communist Party of Peru | |
In office 1969 – 12 September 1992 | |
Preceded by | Office established |
Succeeded by | Óscar Ramírez |
Personal details | |
Born | Manuel Rubén Abimael Guzmán Reynoso (1934-12-03)3 December 1934 Mollendo, Peru |
Died | 11 September 2021(2021-09-11) (aged 86) Callao, Peru |
Political party | Communist Party of Peru – Shining Path |
Spouses | |
Occupation | Professor, guerrilla leader |
Nickname(s) | Comrade Gonzalo, Chairman Gonzalo, Fourth sword of Marxism-Leninism-Maoism |
Military service | |
Branch/service | ![]() |
Rank | Commander |
Battles/wars | Internal conflict in Peru |
Criminal conviction | |
Criminal status | Died in custody |
Conviction(s) | Terrorism Murder |
Criminal penalty | Two life sentences |
In the 1960s and 1970s, Guzmán was a professor of philosophy active in far-left politics strongly influenced by Marxism, Leninism, and Maoism. He developed an ideology of armed struggle stressing the empowerment of the Indigenous people.[3] He went underground in the mid-1970s to become the leader of the Shining Path, which began "The People's War" or the "Armed Struggle" on 17 May 1980.