2013 Egyptian coup d'état
Military coup overthrowing Mohamed Morsi / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The 2013 Egyptian coup d'etat took place on 3 July 2013. Egyptian army chief General Abdel Fattah el-Sisi led a coalition to remove the democratically elected President of Egypt Mohamed Morsi from power and suspended the Egyptian constitution of 2012.[9] The move came after the military's ultimatum for the government to "resolve its differences" with protesters during widespread national protests. The military arrested Morsi and Muslim Brotherhood leaders,[10] and declared Chief Justice of the Supreme Constitutional Court Adly Mansour as the interim president of Egypt. The announcement was followed by demonstrations and clashes between supporters and opponents of the move throughout Egypt.[11]
2013 Egyptian coup d'état | |||
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Part of the Egyptian crisis, the Arab Winter, and the Qatar–Saudi Arabia diplomatic conflict | |||
Date | 3 July 2013; 11 years ago (2013-07-03) | ||
Location | |||
Caused by | June 2013 Egyptian protests | ||
Goals | Overthrow Mohamed Morsi and establish a new government | ||
Resulted in | President Mohamed Morsi deposed by the Egyptian army
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Parties | |||
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Lead figures | |||
Mohamed Morsi Abdel Fattah el-Sisi | |||
Casualties | |||
Death(s) | 1,150+[5][6] | ||
Injuries | 4,000+[7][8] |
There were mixed international reactions to the events.[9][12] Most Arab leaders were generally supportive or neutral, with the exception of Qatar and Tunisia who strongly condemned the military's actions. The US avoided describing the action as a coup.[13] Other states either condemned or expressed concern over the removal of Morsi.[14] Due to the regulations of the African Union regarding the interruption of constitutional rule by a member state, Egypt was suspended from that union. There has also been debate in the media regarding the labeling of these events. It has been described by some global media outlets as a coup[15][16][17][18][19] or as a revolution.[23] Egyptian State media outlets mainly referred to the ousting as a revolution, and this term was also favoured by a majority of the Egyptian public.[9]
Ensuing protests in favour of Morsi were violently suppressed culminating with the dispersal and massacre of pro-Morsi sit-ins on 14 August 2013, amid ongoing unrest; journalists[24] and several hundred protestors were killed by police and military force. Muslim Brotherhood members claim 2,600 people were killed.[25] Human Rights Watch documented 904 deaths, describing it as crimes against humanity and "one of the world's largest killings of demonstrators in a single day in recent history," while the government puts the figure at 624.[26][5]