2009 swine flu pandemic by country

See also: 2009 swine flu pandemic timeline and 2009 swine flu pandemic tables

This article deals with the status and efforts regarding the 2009 swine flu pandemic by country and continent/region.

Pandemic (H1N1) 2009–2010 by country
Summary of official reports.^‡‡

Country	Indicators/					Cases	Deaths
	Spread-Trend/ Intensity/Impact‡					Confirmed‡‡	Confirmed
ECDC total[1]							14,378
Reports Total						6,724,149	19,654
United States^	W	=	**	mod	[2]	(113,690)[3]	3,433[4]
Brazil	R	-	*	mod	[5]	(58,178)[6]	2,135[7]
India	W	+	*	low	[8]	33,783[9][10]	2,024[9]
Mexico	W	+	**	mod	[11]	70,715[12]	1,316[12]
China (mainland)						120,940[13]	800[14]
Turkey	R	+	**	mod	[15]	12,316[16]	656[17]
Argentina	W	-		low	[18]	(11,458)[18]	626[19]
Russia	W	+	**		[20][21]	25,339[22]	604[22]
United Kingdom#	R	=	*		[23][24]	(28,456)[25]	474
Canada	W	+	**		[5]	(25,828)[26]	429[27]
France~	R	=	*	low	[15]	1,980,000[28][29]	344[30]
Spain	W	+	*		[15]	(1,538)[31]	300[32]
Egypt						15,812[33]	278[34]
Germany	N	=		low	[35]	(222,360)[36]	258[36]
South Korea	W	+	*	low		107,939[37]	250[38]
Thailand	R	=	*	low	[8]	31,902[39]	249[40]
Italy	W	+	**		[41]	3,064,933[42]	244[43]
Colombia	W	+	*	mod	[5]	4,310[44]	272[44]
Peru	W	-	*	low	[45]	9,165[46]	223[19]
Ukraine	R	+	**	mod	[15]	494[47]	213[47]
Ecuador	W	-	*	low	[5]	2,251[46]	200[48]
Japan	W	+			[49]	11,636[50]	198[51]
Australia	W	-			[52]	37,484[29]	187[53]
Poland	W	+	**	mod	[15]	(2,024)[54]	181[43]
Chile	W	=		low2	[55]	12,258[56]	156[57]
Syria						(452)[58]	152[58]
Greece	N	+	*		[15]	(17,977)[59]	149[60]
Iran						3,672[61]	147[1]
Venezuela	W	-	*	mod	[5]	2,187[62]	135[63]
Hungary	L	+		low	[15]	(283)[64]	134[43]
Saudi Arabia						14,500[61]	128[61]
Portugal	R	+	*	low	[65]	(166,922)[66]	122[43]
Romania	W	+	*	mod	[15]	7,006[67]	122[67]
Czech Republic	L	+			[15]	2,445[68]	102[69]
Israel	W	+	*	low	[15]	4,330[70]	94[71]
South Africa						12,640[72]	93[1]
Malaysia						12,210[73]	92[74]
Belarus	W	+	**	mod	[15]	88[75]
Serbia	R	+	**	low	[15]	695[76]	83[77]
Hong Kong						33,109[78]	80[79]
Cuba	W	+	**	mod	[80]	973[81]	69[82]
Costa Rica	W	-	*	low	[5]	(1,867)[83]	67[84]
Morocco						2,890[61]	64[61]
Netherlands+	W	+	*	low	[15]	(1,473)[85]	62[43]
Bolivia	W	-	*	low	[5]	2,310[46]	59[1]
Vietnam						11,186[86]	58[86]
Algeria						916[72]	57[1]
Finland	W	+	**		[15]	6,122[87]	56[88]
Slovakia	S	+		low	[15]	955[89]	56[90]
Paraguay	L	-	**		[5]	855[46]	54[1][91]
New Zealand	L	=	*	low	[23]	(3,199)[29]	50[92][93]
Taiwan						(5,474)[94]	48[95]
Sri Lanka	W	+	*	low	[8]	642[39]	48[39]
Moldova						2,524[96]	46[97]
Palestinian Territories						1,676[61]	43[61]
Iraq						2,880[61]	42[1]
Austria	W	+		low	[15]	(964)[98]	40[43]
Bulgaria	W	+	***		[15]	766[99]	40[100]
Countries with < 40 deaths Country Indicators ‡ Confirmed cases Deaths Latvia S + low [65] 1,253[101] 34[102] Oman 7,040[103] 33[104] Georgia L + * low [15] 1,300[105] 33[106] El Salvador R = * low [5] 834[107] 33[19] Denmark W + * [15] (651)[85] 33[43] Uruguay W - * low [108] (550)[46] 33[1] Philippines W - [109] 5,212[110] 32[111] Yemen 5,038[112] 31[61] Kuwait 8,669[113] 30[1] Mongolia 1,259[114] 30[115] Norway W - * low [15] (12,654)[116][1] 29[1] Sweden W + *** mod [15] (10,985)[117] 29[43] Ireland W = *** mod [15] (3,189)[118] 26[43] Macedonia N - [119] (2,600)[120] 26[121] Croatia W + low [15] (50,255)[122] 26[1] Pakistan 253[123] 25[124] Tunisia 1,200[61] 24[61] Guatemala N - * low [5] 1,170[46] 24[125] Dominican Republic R + ** mod [5] 491[46] 23[1] Lithuania S + low [15] 68[126] 23[127] Singapore (1,217)[128] 21[129] Estonia L + * mod [15] (738)[130] 21[131] Belgium W - * low [15] 76,973[132][133] 19[43] Jordan 3,033[134] 19[1] Slovenia L + * [15] (990)[135] 19[100] Switzerland W + * low [15] 11,221[136] 18[137] Honduras W - * low [138] 560[46] 18[139] Afghanistan 853[140] 17[1] Kosovo 98[141] 14[1] Bosnia and Herzegovina L [142] 714[143] 13[144] Panama W - * low [145] 813[146] 12[19] Albania S + * mod [41] 426[147] 12[148] Nicaragua W - * low [5] 2,172[46] 11[19] Indonesia R = * mod [149] 1,098[39] 10[1] Qatar 550[150] 10[1] Cyprus N [15] (297)[85] 10[151] North Korea 28[39] 10[152][153] Bahrain 1,325[61] 8[61] Mauritius (69)[72] 8[1] Bangladesh R - * low [8] 1,015[39] 7[39] Jamaica W + * low [154] 191[155] 7[1] Montenegro N [156] 119[157] 7[1] Cambodia R + * [49] 531[158] 6[1] United Arab Emirates 125[159] 6[1] Lebanon 1,838[61] 5[1] Malta R + ** [160] (718)[161] 5[162] Trinidad and Tobago W = * low [163] 211[46] 5[1] Sudan 145[164] 5[1] Bahamas W + * mod [165] 29[159] 4[1] Madagascar 877[72] 3[1] Ghana 676[72] 3[166] Luxembourg W + ** low [160] 333[85] 3[1] Nepal R + * low [8] 172[39] 3[39] Barbados W - * low [145] 154[46] 3[1] Armenia 119[167] 3[1] Iceland W - *** [15] 676[168][161] 2[1] Macau (PRC) 2,625[78] 2[1] Brunei W - * mod [169] 971[170] 2[171] Samoa 138[29] 2[1] Suriname N = * low [145] 110[172] 2[1] São Tomé and Príncipe 66[72] 2[1] Mozambique 57[72] 2[1] Nigeria 11[72] 2[72] St. Kitts and Nevis N = * low [173] 6[46] 2[1] Tanzania 770[72] 1[1] Libya 764[61] 1[1] Laos 242[174] 1[1] Cayman Islands (UK) 121[25] 1[1] Marshall Islands 115[29] 1[1] Cook Islands (NZ) 106[29] 1[1] Namibia 75[72] 1[1] St. Lucia W - * mod [5] 55[46] 1[1] Maldives L - low [8] 35[39] 1[1] Bermuda (UK) 25[175] 1[1] Tonga 20[29] 1[1] Falkland Islands (UK) 7[25] 1[25] Solomon Islands 4[29] 1[1] Other 7,052 0 Countries with no deaths Country Indicators ‡ Confirmed cases Deaths Zimbabwe 1,318[176] 0 Zambia 726[177] 0 Jersey (UK) 702[178] 0 Rwanda 482[72] 0 Kenya 417[72] 0 Senegal 325[72] 0 Uganda 263[72] 0 Fiji N - * low [23] 234[29] 0 Democratic Republic of the Congo 222[72] 0 Myanmar L - low [8] 137[39] 0 Cape Verde 118[72] 0 Akrotiri and Dhekelia (UK) 92[25] 0 Bhutan N [8] 91[179] 0 Haiti L + low [180] 91[46] 0 Micronesia 82[29] 0 Antigua and Barbuda R = * low [181] 75[46] 0 Isle of Man (UK) 75[25] 0 Lesotho 65[72] 0 Gibraltar (UK) 62[25] 0 Kyrgyzstan N = low [182] 61[183] 0 Belize W - mod [80] 49[172] 0 Niger 49[72] 0 Palau 47[29] 0 Faroe Islands 44[184] 0 Turks and Caicos Islands (UK) 44[25] 0 Angola 37[72] 0 Dominica N = * low [185] 36[46] 0 Monaco 36[186] 0 Seychelles 33[72] 0 Botswana 31[187] 0 Mali 29[72] 0 Guyana 27[188] 0 British Virgin Islands (UK) 25[25] 0 Tuvalu 23[29] 0 Montserrat 21[25] 0 Republic of the Congo 21[72] 0 Grenada W - * mod [5] 20[46] 0 Ethiopia 19[72] 0 Guernsey (UK) 17[25] 0 Kazakhstan R + ** mod [15] 17[159] 0 St. Vincent and the Grenadines L = [189] 17[46] 0 Tajikistan 16[190] 0 Mauritania 15[72] 0 Anguilla (UK) 14[25] 0 Azerbaijan L + * low [15] 14[191] 0 Papua New Guinea 12[29] 0 Côte d'Ivoire 9[72] 0 Djibouti 9[61] 0 Nauru 8[29] 0 Burundi 7[72] 0 Timor-Leste L = low [192] 7[39] 0 Liechtenstein 5[85] 0 San Marino 5[193] 0 Swaziland 5[194] 0 Cameroon 4[72] 0 Gabon 4[72] 0 Kiribati 4[29] 0 Guinea 3[72] 0 Vanuatu 3[29] 0 Somalia 2[61] 0 Andorra 1[159] 0 Chad 1[72] 0 Greenland 1[195] 0 Graph of confirmed cases Semi-logarithmic plot of laboratory-confirmed A(H1N1) influenza cases in 2009 according to WHO reports.[196] ‡Qualitative indicators as defined by WHO.[197] Parameter values: Geographic spread Trend Intensity Impact on health care services W(idespread) *** (very high) sev(ere) R(egional) + (Increasing) ** (high) mod(erate) L(ocal) = (Unchanged) * (low – moderate) S(poradic) I(mported) N(o activity) - (Decreasing)   (low) low ‡‡Many countries are not recommending laboratory tests for all suspect cases, the affected numbers have been put in brackets. Comparisons in time or between these countries should not be made. The number of confirmed cases is lower than the total number of cases,[198] and may grossly underestimate the true infection rate.[199] ^Includes Puerto Rico (695 cases, 45 deaths), Guam (338 cases, 2 deaths), American Samoa (85 cases, 1 death), U.S. Virgin Islands (80 cases, 1 death), and Northern Mariana Islands (6 cases). #Does not include Overseas Territories or Crown Dependencies. ~Includes New Caledonia (500 cases, 9 deaths), French Polynesia (183 cases, 7 deaths), Réunion (759 cases, 7 deaths), Mayotte (164 cases, 2 deaths), Martinique (261 cases, 1 death), French Guiana (213 cases, 1 death), Guadeloupe (197 cases, 5 deaths), Saint Martin (62 cases), Wallis and Futuna (55 cases), Saint-Barthélemy (2 cases). +Includes Aruba (13 cases) and the Netherlands Antilles (98 cases).

  Confirmed cases leading to deaths

  Confirmed cases

  Unconfirmed or suspected cases

See also: H1N1 live map, WHO updates

  0 deaths

  suspected deaths

  1+ deaths

  5+ deaths

  10+ deaths

  50+ deaths

  100+ deaths

  500+ deaths

See also: H1N1 live map, WHO updates

^{[image reference needed]}

  Confirmed community outbreaks

See also: H1N1 live map, WHO updates

  Confirmed mutation of H1N1 virus

  Confirmed double infections

  Confirmed cases of tamiflu resistance

As the pandemic progressed, laboratory testing and confirmation decreased. Confirmed figures for the United Kingdom, in particular, are only meaningful up to 2 July, when routine testing stopped and presumed cases were treated without laboratory confirmation of diagnosis. Following the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO), many countries stopped issuing estimates of the infected population, making this list inaccurate.

The ten countries and territories with most confirmed cases per capita

Pos.	Country	Population[nb 1]	Confirmed cases	Confirmed cases per 1,000 inhabitants
1	Iceland	306,694	8,650	28.20
2	Belgium	10,414,336	214,531[200]	20.59
3	Portugal	10,707,924	166,922	15.59
–	Cook Islands	11,870	106	8.93
–	Macao	559,846	2,625	4.68
–	Hong Kong	7,055,071	31,554	4.47
4	Spain	46,700,000	155,051	3.32
5	Kuwait	2,691,158	8,622	3.20
6	Brunei	338,190	972	2.87
–	Jersey	91,626	234	2.55
7	Germany	82,080,000	192,348	2.34
8	South Korea	48,600,000	107,939	2.22
9	Palau	20,796	46	2.21
–	Cayman Islands	49,035	105	2.14
10	Malta	405,165	718	1.77
	World	6,790,062,216	25,584,595	3.76

*Includes countries with over 40 confirmed cases only.

Affected continents/countries

Africa

Main article: 2009 swine flu pandemic in Africa

2009 flu pandemic in Africa:   Confirmed deaths   Confirmed cases   Suspect cases   No reported cases

No deaths   1+ deaths   5+ deaths   10+ deaths   50+ deaths   100+ deaths

The Egyptian government ordered the mass slaughter of all pigs in Egypt on 29 April,^[201] even though the current strain was a human-human transmittable, human influenza that had previously hybridized with avian flu and swine flu. The World Organization for Animal Health called the swine killing "scientifically unjustified".^[202]

The first case of the H1N1 virus was discovered in Cairo, Egypt on 2 June 2009, in a 12-year-old girl coming from the US with her mother. Only the girl was infected and the officials caught the case before letting her out of the airport.^{[citation needed]} A second and third case were discovered on Sunday 7 June, two students at the American University of Cairo.^[203][204] On 11 June 2 more cases were discovered, bringing the total number of cases to 12.^[205]

The swine flu was confirmed in 21 African countries: Egypt, South Africa, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Ethiopia, Côte d'Ivoire, Seychelles, Cape Verde, Libya, Kenya,^[206] Uganda, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Tanzania, Mauritius, Somalia, Sudan, Namibia, Zambia, Gabon, and Rwanda.

The H1N1 virus was a concern in the months leading up to the 2010 FIFA World Cup, which took place in June 2010 in South Africa.^[207][208]

Asia

Main article: 2009 swine flu pandemic in Asia

2009 flu pandemic in Asia   Deaths   Confirmed cases   Suspected cases   No reported cases

No deaths   1+ deaths   5+ deaths   10+ deaths   50+ deaths   100+ deaths

Western and Central Asia

H1N1 in Central Asia

  Deaths

  Confirmed cases

  Suspected cases

  No reported cases

H1N1 in Southwest Asia

  Deaths

  Confirmed cases

  Suspected cases

  No reported cases

On 27 April, Azerbaijan imposed a ban on import of animal husbandry products from America.^[209] AZAL took additional safety measures and a sanitary quarantine unit of the Health Ministry started to operate in Heydar Aliyev International Airport, checking all aircraft and passengers.^[210] On 2 May Border checkpoints with disinfection barriers for both cars and pedestrians were installed at the Samur, Shirvanovka and Khan Oba checkpoints in Qusar and Khachmaz Raions.^[211] The veterinary services at checkpoints intensified their activities while hog farms in the northern regions switched to a closed farming regime.^[211]

Seventy-seven cases were confirmed in Israel.^[212] In response to the outbreak, the Israeli Deputy Minister of Health, Yaakov Litzman, suggested that out of respect for the religious sensibilities of Jews and Muslims, the flu should be called "Mexican Flu." This was done so as to not confuse the slot thailand population into thinking that they could not acquire the virus if they did not eat pork.^[213][214] The Israeli government retracted this proposal following Mexican complaints.^[215]

The first confirmed cases were reported in Kuwait on 23 May, after about 18 people on U.S. military bases tested positive.^[216]

On 30 May 2009 the first three cases were confirmed in Lebanon. "One Lebanese man who was in Spain and two Canadians who arrived in Lebanon a week ago are suffering from swine flu," the health minister said. "We put them in quarantine and the blood samples we have taken every day have proven to be positive. The Lebanese man and the two visiting Canadians – a woman and her daughter – were given the proper medical treatment in time and they are well now." The Lebanese Health Minister had previously asked citizens to stop the habit of social kissing, that affected schoolchildren be kept at home and that travel to countries in which cases have been confirmed be avoided.^[217] Beirut also banned the import of pork.^[218]

In Saudi Arabia, the first case, which affected a Filipino nurse working at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, was confirmed on 1 June. The Health Ministry, in cooperation with the hospital, applied the national plan for the prevention of swine flu in accordance with WHO's recommendations. Accordingly, the patient was isolated and treated.^[219]

Southern Asia

H1N1 in South Asia   Deaths   Confirmed cases   Suspected cases   No reported cases

H1N1 in Southeast Asia   Deaths   Confirmed cases   Suspected cases   No reported cases

All people entering India via the main airport hubs of Mumbai, New Delhi, Bengaluru and other metro cities were screened. The primary focus was on passengers entering from the US, the United Kingdom, Canada, Mexico, France and New Zealand.^[220] As of 25 October, over 13,000 cases had been confirmed in India, with 444 deaths, starting with a 13-year-old girl's death in the city of Pune, where almost 91 people died.^[221]

In the Maldives, a ministerial committee was established to supervise preventive measures to avoid an outbreak. All visitors arriving at the Malé International Airport and the country's three commercial seaports were screened.^[222]

Pakistan took precautionary measures at its international airports to check passengers coming from affected countries.^[223] Doctors checked incoming passengers and allowed entry only to those with no symptoms. Major hospitals were placed on high alert.^{[citation needed]}

Southeastern Asia

Since 8 July a total of 207 cases were reported in Brunei.^[224]

The Cambodian Pig Raiser Association told the government it should ban live pig imports. But Khlauk Chuon, the deputy director of Camcontrol at the Ministry of Commerce, said they would only ban live pig imports from affected countries.^[225]

The Indonesian government halted the importation of pigs and initiated the examination of 9 million pigs.^[226] Thermal scanners that can detect human body temperature were installed at Indonesian ports of entry.^[227]

The Lao government bought 10 thermal imaging machines to install at the country's major immigration border checkpoints. The Prime Minister Bouasone Bouphavanh said masks should be made available and health officials would be assigned to border checkpoints.^[228] On 22 July, Laos recorded its first death.^[229]

In Malaysia, health screenings were carried out on passengers traveling to and from Mexico via sea, air and land beginning 17 April.^[230][231] The Health Ministry's disease control division activated its operations room to monitor the situation and informed medical practitioners treating suspicious cases to inform the district health office immediately.^[232] Thermal scanners were installed at Kuala Lumpur International Airport.^[233] Screenings were imposed in Pengkalan Hulu, at the border with Thailand, in late April.^[234] Quarantine rooms were allocated in 28 hospitals^[235] and the country stockpiled more than 2 million doses of Tamiflu, as of May 2009.^[236] Schools were issued strict hygiene procedures on 16 May to contain any outbreak.^[237] On 15 May, the Health Ministry confirmed Malaysia's first case: a male student who had arrived via air from Newark.^{[231][233][238][239]} The first death was reported on 23 July.^[240] As of 11 August there were 2,253 confirmed cases.^[241] As of 12 August the total number of deaths in Malaysia stood at 44.^[242]

In the Philippines, thermal imaging equipment at airports was implemented to screen passengers coming from the US.^[243][244] The Philippines quarantined travellers arriving from Mexico with fever.^[245] The importation of hogs from the U.S. and Mexico was banned and the restriction of vaccine use was retracted.^[246] On 18 May, a Filipina girl who arrived from Houston was the first confirmed case in the Philippines.^[247] As of 15 June, there were 193 confirmed cases.^[248] On 22 June, the first death was reported.^[249]

The first case in Singapore was confirmed on 27 May. It was announced on 18 June that Singapore appeared to have its first case.^[250] As of 7 July 1,217 confirmed cases had been reported.^[251] As of 25 July, there were 4 confirmed deaths.^[252][253]

Vietnam's Ministry of Health released an emergency dispatch and urged agencies to take precautionary measures.^[254] Thermal imaging devices were dispatched to airports and border gates to screen passengers.^[255] In response to WHO's warnings, Vietnam on 30 April raised its alert level to 4, which indicated a "threat of community level outbreaks" while local authorities executed precautionary measures.^[256] On 1 May 2009 a Ministry of Industry and Trade official said that the Ministry was considering a ban on pork import "under certain situations".^[257] On 31 May Vietnam announced its first case, a 23-year-old student recently returned from the United States.^[258]

Eastern Asia

H1N1 in Eastern Asia

  Deaths

  Confirmed cases

  Suspected cases

  No reported cases

On 26 April, visitors returning from flu-affected areas to China who experienced flu-like symptoms within two weeks were to be quarantined.^[259] On 2 May, the Chinese government suspended flights from Tijuana to Shanghai.^[260] Meanwhile, the Civil Aviation Administration of China assigned a charter to transport stranded Chinese visitors home.^[261] The first suspected case was reported on 10 May 2009.^[262] China made aggressive use of quarantines, as by early July tens of thousands of suspected cases were quarantined in government-sanctioned facilities.^[263]

On 29 April the Food and Health Bureau of Hong Kong^[264] advised Hong Kong residents not to travel to Mexico unless absolutely necessary. The first case was a Mexican who arrived from Shanghai. The Bureau escalated the alert level from "alert" to "serious",^[265] which activated health protection measures in all ports of entry of Hong Kong. Thermal screening machines were used to identify passengers with fever and respiratory symptoms. Any passenger who is confirmed to have a fever were quarantined and sent to public hospital for investigation.^[266] Hong Kong became one of the first jurisdictions to declare the swine flu as a notifiable disease. Much of the procedures against the contagion were learned from the 2003 SARS outbreak, of which Hong Kong was the epicenter of the outbreak.^[267][268] On 1 May, the first case in Hong Kong and also the first in Asia was confirmed. The Mexican patient arrived in Hong Kong on 30 April. Metropark Hotel Wanchai, where the patient stayed, was quarantined.^{[269][270][271][272]} After the first case was confirmed, Hong Kong's response level was raised from "serious" to "emergency".^[273]

In Japan, live pig imports were inspected.^[274] Japanese Agriculture Minister Shigeru Ishiba appeared on television to reassure customers that it was safe to eat pork.^[275] The Japanese farm ministry said that it would not ask for restrictions on pork imports because the virus was unlikely to turn up in pork and would be killed by cooking.^[276] On 8 May, the first three cases were confirmed. The infected patients had spent time in Canada and returned to Japan via Detroit.^[277][278] The first domestic infection was confirmed on 16 May in Kobe.^[279] As of 18 May 130 cases had been confirmed.^[280]

South Korea warned against travel to Mexico City and three Mexican states.^[275] The government stepped up quarantine and safety checks on travelers arriving from the United States and Mexico, and pork imports from those countries. An emergency quarantine system was instituted, with simple tests conducted on people with flu symptoms at airports.^[259] On 28 April, South Korea reported its first probable case after positive preliminary tests on a nun who had recently returned from Mexico.^[281] One case was confirmed on 30 April.^[282][283] On 2 May, the first suspected woman turned out to be infected. South Korea became the second infected nation in Asia.^[284] On 13 September, five people died, and 1 person experienced brain death. As of November, 107,939 had been infected.^[285]

On 20 May the first case of the influenza was confirmed in Taiwan.^[286] The government had previously taken steps to prevent an outbreak, including a command center, travel alerts for infected nations,^[275] and more severe health checks at international ports. Taiwan said visitors who arrived from affected areas with fevers would be quarantined.^[287] According to The Department of Health (DOH), Taiwan had a sufficient supply of surgical masks and vaccine to deal with the flu. The DOH stated that they had 50 to 60 million masks in stock and that local manufacturers had the capability of producing 200,000 doses of the flu vaccine a month.^[288] The Centers for Disease Control announced on 28 April that every flight from the Americas, specifically Canada and the United States, that arrived in Taiwan would be subject to a strict on-board screening procedure.^[289]

On 2 July, the first case of oseltamivir-resistant virus in Asia was announced in Japan, in a woman who had been taking Tamiflu prophylactically.^[290]

On 18 July 2009, Hong Kong had its first swine flu death.^{[citation needed]}

On 3 July, a case of Tamiflu-resistant virus was discovered. The woman had not previously taken Tamiflu, so concern has been expressed that she may have contracted an already resistant virus from someone else.^[291]

On 28 August 2009, the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare announced that it estimated approximately 760,000 people would be infected and 46,400 hospitalized per day during the expected peak month of October. Overall they predicted that 20% of rural Japanese would become infected and 30% in city areas.^[292]

Europe

Outbreak evolution in Europe:

  Deaths

  Confirmed cases

  Suspect cases

  No cases

  No deaths

  1+ deaths

  5+ deaths

  10+ deaths

  50+ deaths

  100+ deaths

  500+ deaths

  1000+ deaths

  5000+ deaths

Main article: 2009 swine flu pandemic in Europe

On 27 April, the Spanish Ministry of Health and Social Policy announced its first case (the first in Europe) in a 23-year-old man who had recently returned from Mexico on 22 April and had been quarantined on the 25th.^[293] The day the European Union health commissioner advised Europeans not to travel to the United States or Mexico unless urgent.^[294]

On 14 June, it was reported that the United Kingdom had its first confirmed death.^{[citation needed]}

As of 22 December, every European country, apart from the 5 microstates had confirmed deaths. France had 27; Spain, 33; Norway, 29 (4 January 2010); Italy, 6; Belgium and Germany, 8; Sweden, 3 (3 November); Malta and Greece, 3; Denmark, Finland,^[295] Hungary and Luxemburg, 1; Ireland and the Netherlands, 10, and the United Kingdom, 79. The British government suggested 55,000 new cases in the week up to 16 July.

Hungary reported the first death in the country on 22 July.^[296] Ireland reported its first death on 7 August.^[297]

As of 19 August, all European countries with the exception of the micro states San Marino and Vatican City had reported cases.^{[citation needed]}

North America

Outbreak distribution in North America:

  Deaths

  Confirmed cases

  Suspect cases

  No cases

  No deaths

  1+ deaths

  5+ deaths

  10+ deaths

  50+ deaths

  100+ deaths

  500+ deaths

  1,000+ deaths

  5,000+ deaths

Main article: 2009 swine flu pandemic in North America

The swine flu began in Mexico, North America, which turn out to be a new strain of H1N1 virus and the first case could have been as early as March or April. In Canada, roughly 10% of the populace were infected with the virus,^[298] with 363 confirmed deaths (as of 8 December); confirmed cases had reached 10,000 when Health Canada stopped counting in July.^[299] Canada began its vaccination campaign in October and vaccinated a higher proportion of its citizens than any other country.^{[298][300][301][302]} The pandemic was a concern in the months leading to the XXI Olympic Winter Games, which took place in Vancouver in February 2010.^[303]

José Ángel Córdova Villalobos, Mexico's Secretariat of Health, stated that since March 2009, over 1,995 suspected cases and 149 deaths were confirmed. Twenty were confirmed to be linked to a new strain of Influenza A virus subtype H1N1.^[304][305] "'As many as 23,000 Mexicans were likely infected with the swine flu virus,' Neil Ferguson of Imperial College London and colleagues reported in the journal Science."^[306] Soldiers mobilized by the government have handed out six million surgical masks to citizens in and around Mexico City.^[307] On 24 April 2009, schools (from pre-school to university level) as well as libraries, museums, concerts and any public gathering place, were shut down by the government in Mexico City and the neighboring State of Mexico to prevent the disease from spreading further; the schools in Mexico City, the State of Mexico, and the state of San Luis Potosí would remain quarantined until at least 5 May.^[308] Marcelo Ebrard, Mexico City's mayor, asked all night-life operators to shut down their places of business for ten days to prevent further infections.^[309] On 25 April, President Felipe Calderón declared an emergency which granted him the power to suspend public events and order quarantines.^[310] On 26 April, the World Bank announced US$25 million in immediate aid loans to Mexico, an additional US$180 million for long-term assistance to address the outbreak, and advice on how other nations have responded to similar crises.^[307] On 27 April, the Secretariat of Public Education announced that all schools in Mexico would remain closed at least until 6 May.^[311] On 28 April, the Mexico City government closed all restaurants and cinemas. The National History and Anthropology Institute closed all archaeological sites and museums, including the most famous Mayan and Aztec ruins, until further notice.

A semi-logarithmic chart of laboratory-confirmed A(H1N1) influenza cases by date according to WHO reports.^[196] Mexico, USA, and Canada are shown as a breakdown of the total.

In the United States, initial reports of atypical flu in two individuals in southern California led to the discovery of the virus by the Center for Disease Control in mid-April. More than a hundred cases were confirmed in the following two weeks, across a dozen states.^[312] Outside of California and Texas, initial cases were all tied to recent travel to Mexico or close contact with those who had. St. Francis Preparatory School, a private school in New York, was the center of a large cluster of cases after a spring break trip by several students. It was one of the first US schools to be closed during the early outbreak.^[313] Most of the cases in California and Texas were not linked and may have reflected localized outbreaks.^[314] The disease was not as virulent outside of Mexico, for reasons not fully understood. The US declared a state of Public Health Emergency, but this was said to be standard procedure in cases as divergent as the recent inauguration and flooding.^[315] On 29 April, the US had its first confirmed death,^[316] and on 5 May the first US citizen died from swine flu.^[317] On 6 June, there were 17 confirmed deaths from swine flu in the US.^[318] By mid-May 2009 many states had abandoned testing unless serious illness and/or hospitalization were present.^[319] Because reported numbers represented only confirmed cases, they were a "very great understatement" of the total number of cases of infection, according to the CDC.^[320] From 12 April 2009 to 10 April 2010, CDC estimated there were 60.8 million cases, 274,304 hospitalizations, and 12,469 deaths in the US due to the virus.^[321]

Caribbean

H1N1 in Caribbean and Central America

  Deaths

  Confirmed cases

  Suspect cases

  No cases

In Aruba, all passengers arriving by airplane or cruise ship were required to fill out a health questionnaire beginning on 27 April 2009.^[322] Hotels and resorts were required to report to authorities if any tourists were showing flu-like symptoms.^[322] The government ordered antiviral medication and other supplies from the Netherlands and the United States.^[322] No cases were reported.^[322]

In Barbados, the first confirmed case occurred on 3 June 2009.^[323] The second case was confirmed on 6 June.^[324] The third case was confirmed on 10 June.^[325] The fourth case was confirmed on 17 June.^[326] Twenty five samples were sent to the Caribbean Epidemiology Center.^[326]

Cuba suspended flights to and from Mexico for 48 hours.^[327] The first case in Cuba was confirmed in mid-May.^[328]

The first two cases in the Dominican Republic were confirmed on 27 May.^[329] By 7 June 93 cases had been confirmed, primarily mild infections.^[330]

As of 7 July 2009, 33 cases were confirmed in Jamaica. Health Minister Ruddy Spencer told Parliament that the country had been placed on high alert. There was heightened surveillance at health care facilities and ports of entry.^[331]

In Trinidad and Tobago, one female case was confirmed.^[332]

In the Bahamas, ten students and teachers who arrived from Mexico in the last week of April were in quarantine.^[333]

Central America

  No deaths

  1+ deaths

  5+ deaths

  10+ deaths

  50+ deaths

  100+ deaths

  500+ deaths

  1,000+ deaths

  5,000+ deaths

The first two cases of the flu in Costa Rica, both of whom had traveled to Mexico, were confirmed on 28 April.^[334][335] On 31 July local authorities announced that the country was among the sample countries that would test the vaccine developed by Swiss pharmaceutical giant Novartis. The local sample would include 784 Costa Ricans ages 3 to 64. Besides Costa Rica, this vaccine prototype would be tested in Mexico and the United States.^[336]

On 11 August, it was confirmed that Costa Rica's president, Óscar Arias Sánchez, was infected with the virus, becoming the first head of state.^[337][338] President Arias returned to normal activities after one week of isolation.^[339] As of 15 October the Costa Rican Ministry of Health had 1,530 confirmed cases, 1,242 pending cases and 38 deaths.^[340]

Guatemala checked all travelers arriving from Mexico and stopped anyone with symptoms at border crossings.^[341] On 5 May, in a meeting with Health Minister and the Vice President, it was announced that an 11-year-old girl was infected.^[342] As of 7 July Guatemala had 286 confirmed cases leading to two fatalities.^[343]

Honduras reported its first confirmed case on 27 May. By 7 June the country had reported 67 cases, mostly in San Pedro Sula and along the Atlantic Coastline. All airports and commercial sites as well as public events were monitored. As of 7 July there were 123 confirmed cases and one fatality.^[343]

As on 4 June 179 confirmed cases had been reported by Panamanian health authorities.^[344] Of these, 91 were male and 88 were female. Schools with positive cases were being disinfected. Thermal cameras had been deployed in Tocumen International Airport to identify symptomatic passengers.^{[citation needed]}

As of 7 July, El Salvador reported 319 confirmed cases, and Nicaragua 321. Panama and Nicaragua reported no fatalities.^[343]

Oceania

Outbreak of the swine flu in Oceania:

  Deaths

  Confirmed cases

  Suspect cases

  No cases

  No deaths

  1+ deaths

  5+ deaths

  10+ deaths

  50+ deaths

  100+ deaths

  500+ deaths

  1000+ deaths

  5000+ deaths

Main article: 2009 swine flu pandemic in Oceania

The first confirmed case in Australia was reported on 9 May.^[345] As of 3 July, Australia had 7,290 confirmed cases. The first Australian death was on 19 June and the total death toll reached 20.^[346] The alert level was raised from "delay" to "contain", giving authorities in all states the option to close schools.^[347] Australia stockpiled 8.7 million doses of Tamiflu and Relenza.^[348] At the beginning of the outbreak airlines were required to report passengers from the Americas with influenza symptoms and nurses were deployed at international airports.^[348]

Researchers in Australia and New Zealand reaffirmed that infants under the age of 1 had the highest risk of developing severe illness.^[349] Canadian health officials reported that swine flu is hospitalizing three to four times as many children as regular seasonal flu.^[350]

On 30 May, New Zealand had 9 confirmed cases and 10 probables. During June cases in New Zealand rose rapidly. On 14 June the Ministry of Health announced a 65% increase in cases in just 24 hours. On 4 July, the Ministry of Health announced the first New Zealand deaths. Three confirmed deaths were confirmed, however two had known underlying medical conditions. The total number of confirmed cases reached 945.^[351]

Two cases were confirmed in the Pacific Islands. Both cases were confirmed on 15 June, one in the Solomon Islands and another in Samoa.^[352][353] 5 cases were confirmed in Fiji as of 24 June and 1 case in Vanuatu.

South America

Outbreak evolution in South America:

  Deaths

  Confirmed cases

  Suspected cases

  No reported cases

  No deaths

  1+ deaths

  5+ deaths

  10+ deaths

  50+ deaths

  100+ deaths

  500+ deaths

  1000+ deaths

  5000+ deaths

Main article: 2009 swine flu pandemic in South America

In Argentina, as of April, passengers with symptoms arriving from Mexico and United States were required to list where they would be should they experience any symptoms.^[354] In addition, the government stepped up safety checks, and thermal scanners were being used at airports to detect passengers with fever and other influenza symptoms. Flights from Mexico were temporarily suspended.^[355] These measures proved to be largely ineffective. As of 22 June, Argentina had 1,213 confirmed cases and 10 confirmed deaths,^[356] increasing to 52 confirmed deaths^[357] and an estimated number of as many as 100,000 infected on 2 July, as confirmed by Minister of Health Juan Luis Manzur.^[358] As of 14 July, the number of officially recognised cases skyrocketed, with 137 deaths,^[359] making the death toll in Argentina the second highest in the world at the time, behind only the US.

As of April, Brazilian airports were monitoring arrivals from affected areas, under the direction of the National Sanitary Surveillance Agency (ANVISA). Air crews were trained on signs and symptoms.^[360] As of 4 June, there were 28 confirmed cases.

The first case flu in Chile was confirmed on 17 May.^[361] On 29 May, the Chilean Health ministry confirmed the number of cases had risen to 226.^[361][362] On 3 June Chile had its first confirmed death, a 37-year-old man from Puerto Montt.^[363] To the date, and since laboratory tests were no longer mandatory, the estimate of cases in Chile reached 500.000 cases.^[364]

On 3 May, Minister Palacio confirmed the first case in Colombia,^[365] in a 42-year-old, who had recently traveled to Mexico.^[366] According to Palacio, only one of 18 tests sent to Atlanta was positive. The patient was isolated and put under medical treatment. On the same day, Palacio stated there were 108 suspect cases in the country.^[366] On 27 April, the Government declared a "national disaster" state^[367] which allowed health authorities to have a special budget.^[368] The government purchased 400,000 oseltamivir (Tamiflu) doses, to be distributed through the Social Protection ministry.^[369]

Health officials examined arrivals with flu symptoms.^[370] On 29 April, Ecuador closed its borders to Mexican citizens and foreigners of other nationalities arriving from Mexico for 30 days.^[371] On 15 May, health officials confirmed the first case in Ecuador.^[372] On 20 May, the Health Department confirmed 7 more new cases, raising the total to 8,^[373] and then to 41.^[374]

The first case in Peru was confirmed on 14 May. On 17 May, the second case was confirmed. He had returned from the US on 12 May, showing symptoms only two days later.^[375] On 18 May a new case was confirmed, a scholar returning from a trip to Dominican Republic. Another case of a scholar came from the same trip. The student had contact with the third victim and both studied in the same school.^[376] The Governor of Callao ordered that all passengers from any infected country be checked before their entry into Peruvian territory. The Peruvian government was to be warned of any case or symptom. This step affected the main port and airport of Peru, located in Callao. The government prepared a special area at the Hospital "Daniel Alcides Carrión" to treat cases.^[377] Slaughterhouses were inspected and screened incoming passengers from problem areas.^[378] All commercial flights from Mexico to Peru were suspended on 29 April.^{[citation needed]}

In Venezuela, controls were raised at airports to prevent contagion from spreading. Travellers from the United States and Mexico with symptoms were isolated until they cleared. Pig farms in the country were "closely inspected" and medicine stockpiled.^[370] On 28 May Health Minister Jesús Mantilla confirmed the first case in a Venezuelan citizen who flew from Panama. He was isolated and treated. The following day, a second case was confirmed from another person on the same flight.^{[citation needed]}

Reporting bias

Epidemiologists cautioned that the number of cases reported in the early days of an outbreak could be very inaccurate.^[379] Causes included selection bias, media bias and incorrect reporting by governments.^{[citation needed]}

Selection bias in epidemiology occurs when authorities in different jurisdictions look at differing sets of patient. For example, in the early days of the pandemic, doctors in Mexico may have been concentrating on patients in hospitals, rather than the larger vulnerable population. This may in part explain the higher mortality recorded there.^[379] Conversely, it is implausible that few, if any, died in Mexico while Brazil and the United States accumulated hundreds of additional lab-confirmed deaths. Media bias may have skewed incidence maps based on these media reports. Countries with poor health care systems and poor laboratory facilities may take longer to identify suspected cases, analyse those cases and report them.^[380]

Passive data collection methodologies (waiting for the patient to arrive at a health care facility) are considered inferior to active data collection techniques (performing random stratified sampling) due to selection bias^[381] and because laboratory facilities to perform swift genetic tests on patient samples are not widely available.^[379] As of July 2009^[update] no properly controlled epidemiological studies had been conducted for the 2009 outbreak.^{[citation needed]}

See also

• 2009 swine flu pandemic tables

Notes

1. All population figures are estimates for July 2009 from the source: "CIA – The World Factbook". Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 1 June 2007. Retrieved 21 June 2009.

References

1. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control: Archived 31 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine Update:"ECDC Daily Update – Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 – 19 January 2010" (PDF). 19 January 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 January 2010. Retrieved 19 January 2010.
2. "Regional Update Pandemic (H1N1) 2009". Data Status Week 43 (Oct, 31). WHO PAHO. 9 November 2009. Archived from the original on 18 November 2009. Retrieved 17 November 2009.
3. Sum of state reported confirmed cases; see US Swine Flu outbreak table for more information.
4. Sum of state reported confirmed deaths in U.S.; see US Swine Flu outbreak table for more information.
5. "Regional Update Pandemic (H1N1) 2009". Data Status Week 43 (Okt, 31). WHO PAHO. 9 November 2009. Archived from the original on 18 November 2009. Retrieved 17 November 2009.
6. Sum of state reported confirmed deaths; see totals in 2009 flu pandemic in Brazil for more information.
7. "84 Muertes por gripe y 675 casos graves en 2010". Ansa Latina. 15 July 2010. Archived from the original on 13 May 2011. Retrieved 7 February 2011.
8. "Summary of Situation of Pandemic (H1N1) 2009". Week of 10 Nov – 16 Nov 2009. WHO SEARO. 19 November 2009. Archived from the original on 3 May 2009. Retrieved 21 November 2009.
9. Ministry of Health; Family Welfare (13 February 2010). "Consolidated Status of Influenza A H1N1". Press Information Bureau. Archived from the original on 14 February 2010. Retrieved 13 February 2010.
10. Ministry of Health; Family Welfare (12 July 2010). "Consolidated Status(Weekly) of Influenza A H1N1". Press Information Bureau. Archived from the original on 25 July 2010. Retrieved 27 April 2016.
11. "Regional Update Pandemic (H1N1) 2009". Data Status Week 40 (Okt, 10). WHO PAHO. 16 October 2009. Archived from the original on 16 October 2009. Retrieved 19 October 2009.
12. "Influenza A(H1N1 )" (in Spanish). México, Secretaría de Salud. 18 January 2010. Archived from the original on 28 January 2010. Retrieved 18 January 2010.
13. Productions, Visible. (31 January 2011) News on Yahoo! Health Archived 9 June 2024 at the Wayback Machine. Health.yahoo.com. Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
14. China reports 7 A/H1N1 flu deaths in March Archived 24 February 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Chinadaily.com.cn. Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
15. "EuroFlu – Weekly Electronic Bulletin". Data Status Week 45 (Nov, 8). WHO/Europe. 13 November 2009. Archived from the original on 19 November 2009. Retrieved 18 November 2009.
16. "A/H1N1 flu death toll rises to 19 in Turkey: ministry". Xinhua. 5 November 2009. Archived from the original on 9 August 2011. Retrieved 5 November 2009.
17. toute l'info suisse romande :: votre multi-portails régional Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine. Romandie. Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
18. Ministry of Health (18 December 2009). "Influenze Pandémica (H1N1) 2009. República Argentina" (PDF). week 49 (in Spanish). Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 November 2011. Retrieved 22 December 2009.
19. Regional Update Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Archived 14 February 2011 at the Wayback Machine (19 April 2010 – 17 h GMT; 12 h EST)]
20. A combination of two sources:
    Spread/Intensanity from: "EuroFlu – Weekly Electronic Bulletin". Data Status Week 45 (Nov, 8). WHO/Europe. 13 November 2009. Archived from the original on 19 November 2009. Retrieved 18 November 2009.
    Trend from: "Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 – update 74". Data Status Week 44 (Nov, 1). WHO. 13 November 2009. Archived from the original on 1 May 2009. Retrieved 18 November 2009.
21. Northwest: L= / * ; Central: S= / * ; South: S= / * ; Volga: S= / * ; Urals: S+ / * ; Siberian:S= / * ; Far East R+ / * ; Source: EuroFlu week 42
22. Russia^{[user-generated source]}
23. "Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 – update 74". Data Status Week 44 (Nov, 1). WHO. 13 November 2009. Archived from the original on 1 May 2009. Retrieved 18 November 2009.
24. England: W= / * , North Ireland: S- / ** , Scotland: L= / * , Wales: W+ / *. Source: EuroFlu week 45 (Wales: EuroFlu week 45, Scotland: EuroFlu week 45)
25. "HPA Weekly National Influenza Report". Week 01. UK HPA. 8 January 2010. Archived from the original on 29 August 2011. Retrieved 9 January 2010.
26. Canada, Public Health Agency of (19 October 2018). "Flu (influenza): FluWatch surveillance". www.canada.ca. Archived from the original on 29 August 2022. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
27. 2009–2010 FluWatch: February 28 to March 6, 2010 (Week 9) Archived 19 April 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Phac-aspc.gc.ca (12 March 2010). Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
28. "Situation en France" (in French). Groupe régionaux d'observatoire de la grippe. 18 November 2009. Archived from the original on 24 November 2009. Retrieved 18 November 2009.
29. "WHO South Pacific – Pandemic Influenza A / H1N1 2009 Surveillance". Pacific Public Health Surveillance Network. 21 December 2009. Archived from the original on 14 December 2009. Retrieved 26 December 2009.
30. "Institut de veille sanitaire". Invs.sante.fr. Archived from the original on 12 April 2010. Retrieved 7 February 2011.
31. "Informe diario de situación Nacional e Internacional. Gripe A/H1N1". 23 July 2009. Archived from the original on 14 December 2009. Retrieved 16 December 2009.
32. Trinidad Jiménez: 'La gripe A afectó a casi el 30% de la población española' – Sociedad – La Opinión A Coruña Archived 16 November 2018 at the Wayback Machine. Laopinioncoruna.es. Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
33. Ministry of Health, Archived 20 August 2010 at the Wayback Machine| Updated 13 February 2010
34. Ministry Of Health Archived 20 August 2010 at the Wayback Machine. Mohp.gov.eg. Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
35. "EuroFlu – Weekly Electronic Bulletin". Archived from the original on 16 April 2014. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
36. RKI (Arbeitsgemeinschaft Influenza) Archived 11 October 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Influenza.rki.de. Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
37. "S. Korea vows to go all out to curb flu spread". Yonhap News. 3 November 2009. Archived from the original on 9 June 2024. Retrieved 3 November 2009.
38. INSIDE JoongAng Daily Archived 7 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine. Joongangdaily.joins.com (6 April 2010). Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
39. "Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 in SAE Region". WHO SEARO. 18 February 2010. Archived from the original on 3 May 2009. Retrieved 22 February 2010.
40. H1N1 FLU:สธ.เผยหวัด 09 คร่าชีวิตคนไทยอีก 2 ราย ยอดสะสมขยับเป็น 249 ราย Archived 7 March 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Ryt9.com (26 August 2010). Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
41. "EuroFlu – Weekly Electronic Bulletin". Data Status Week 44 (Nov, 1). WHO/Europe. 6 November 2009. Archived from the original on 19 November 2009. Retrieved 18 November 2009.
42. "Influenza A/H1N1 – Il punto della situazione" (in Italian). 26 November 2009. Archived from the original on 27 November 2009. Retrieved 27 November 2009.
43. Archive: Number of fatal cases Archived 15 September 2016 at the Wayback Machine. Ecdc.europa.eu (3 May 2010). Retrieved on 8 February 2011.
44. Ministerio de Protección Social (1 September 2010). "ANÁLISIS DE LA PANDEMIA DE INFLUENZA A H1N1 COMPARATIVO 2009 – 2010" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 March 2020. Retrieved 23 March 2020.
45. "Informe Regional DIRESA Callao" (PDF). Data Status Week 40 (Okt, 10). WHO PAHO. 16 October 2009. Retrieved 19 October 2009.
46. "Regional Update Pandemic (H1N1) 2009". WHO PAHO. 9 November 2009. Archived from the original on 18 November 2009. Retrieved 11 November 2009.
47. "Best Practices Reporting". 15 December 2009. Archived from the original on 27 July 2011. Retrieved 20 December 2009.
48. "Confirmadas 200 muertes por la gripe A en Ecuador". La Hora. Quito. ECE. 18 May 2010. Retrieved 7 February 2011.
49. "Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 – update 73". Data Status Week 43 (Okt, 25). WHO. 6 November 2009. Archived from the original on 1 May 2009. Retrieved 18 November 2009.
50. "Chugai Pharma to Triple Tamiflu Supply in Japan". Bloomberg. 7 September 2009. Archived from the original on 9 June 2024. Retrieved 7 September 2009.
51. Masayuki Takata; Hideki Hiramoto (17 April 2010), "Now is the time to rethink new flu tack", The Daily Yomiuri, Japan, Daily Yomiuri Online, archived from the original on 18 April 2010
52. A combination of two sources:
    Spread from: "Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 – update 68". Data Status Week 38 (Sep, 20). WHO. 2 October 2009. Archived from the original on 1 May 2009. Retrieved 20 October 2009.
    Trend from: "Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 – update 69". Data Status Week 39 (Sep, 27). WHO. 9 October 2009. Archived from the original on 1 May 2009. Retrieved 20 October 2009.
53. "PANDEMIC (H1N1) 2009 UPDATE BULLETIN" (PDF), Pandemic (H1N1) Influenza 2009, no. 1200 AEST on 30 October 2009, Australia: Department of Health and Ageing, 30 October 2009, archived (PDF) from the original on 11 April 2013, retrieved 26 January 2013
54. "A/H1N1 flu takes more lives in Poland". 15 December 2009. Archived from the original on 9 January 2010. Retrieved 15 December 2009.
55. "Reporte sobre Influenza". Ministerio de Salud de Chile (in Spanish). 4 November 2009. Archived from the original on 22 November 2009. Retrieved 17 November 2009.
56. "Influenza Pandémica (H1N1) 2009" (PDF). Ministerio de Salud de Chile. 4 November 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 November 2009. Retrieved 16 November 2009.
57. "Regional Update Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Archived 8 February 2011 at the Wayback Machine (6 July 2010 – 17 h GMT; 12 h EST)", Pan American Health Organization
58. "Syria confirms two new deaths of A/H1N1 flu". Xinhua (27 January 2010). Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
59. "Ο αριθμός των νεκρών λόγω γρίπης συνεχώς αυξάνεται" (in Greek). 26 February 2009. Archived from the original on 2 March 2010. Retrieved 28 February 2009.
60. Weekly influenza surveillance overview 7 May 2010 Archived 26 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Main surveillance developments in week 17/2010 (26 April 2010 – 2 May 2010)
61. "Latest situation in the Region". WHO EMRO. 5 January 2010. Archived from the original on 14 March 2010. Retrieved 7 January 2010.
62. Noticias de Prensa Latina Archived 8 March 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Prensa-latina.cu (1 January 1970). Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
63. (in Spanish) Pagina no encontrada | Diario El Carabobeño Archived 3 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine. El-carabobeno.com. Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
64. "A/H1N1 flu virus claims 4th victim in Hungary". Xinhua. 16 October 2009. Archived from the original on 17 October 2009. Retrieved 16 October 2009.
65. A combination of two sources:
    Spread/Trend/Intensity from: "EuroFlu – Weekly Electronic Bulletin". Data Status Week 45 (Nov, 8). WHO/Europe. 13 November 2009. Archived from the original on 19 November 2009. Retrieved 18 November 2009.
    Impact from: "EuroFlu – Weekly Electronic Bulletin". Data Status Week 42 (Okt, 18). WHO/Europe. 23 October 2009. Archived from the original on 19 November 2009. Retrieved 18 November 2009.
66. "156.701 casos confirmados em Portugal". Portal da Saúde. Ministério da Saúde. Archived from the original on 27 February 2012. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
67. "Date statistice privind gripa nouă", Comunicate de presă (Press Release) (in Romanian), Romania: MINISTERUL SĂNĂTĂŢII, 4 September 2009, archived from the original on 4 March 2016, retrieved 26 January 2013
68. "Swine flu claims 101 lives in ČR, low demand for vaccination". Prague Daily Monitor. 25 February 2010. Archived from the original on 25 February 2010.
69. "ČR among EU countries with highest swine flu death rate". Prague Daily Monitor. 19 March 2010. Archived from the original on 29 March 2010.
70. "Swine-Flu Infection Count at 4,330". Arutz Sheva. 26 October 2009. Archived from the original on 29 October 2009. Retrieved 26 October 2009.
71. 15-year-old with pre-existing illness dies of swine flu – Israel News, Ynetnews Archived 7 March 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Ynetnews.com (20 June 1995). Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
72. "Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 in the African Region: Update 75". WHO Regional Office for Africa. 17 March 2010. Archived from the original on 27 May 2010. Retrieved 19 March 2010.
73. "Malaysia on alert for new A/H1N1 wave". Xinhua. 4 December 2009. Archived from the original on 9 August 2011. Retrieved 4 December 2009.
74. Positive H1N1 Cases Increase From August 1 To 7 Archived 3 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine. Bernama (11 August 2010). Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
75. В прошлом году в реанимациях Минска от пневмонии и свиного гриппа умерло 123 человека — Новости OPEN.BY Archived 17 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine. News.open.by. Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
76. У Србији до сада вакцинисано 148.226 особа Archived 3 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine, Влада Републике Србије
77. "Novi udar gripa?". Glas javnosti. Archived from the original on 14 April 2010. Retrieved 15 March 2020.
78. Daily "Swine and Seasonal Flu Monitor – Volume 1, Number 13" (PDF). Surveillance and Epidemiology Branch, Centre for Health Protection. 17 December 2009. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 June 2024. Retrieved 19 December 2009.
79. Hong Kong influenza A/H1N1 death toll rises to 80 – People's Daily Online Archived 16 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine. English.people.com.cn (15 April 2010). Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
80. "Regional Update Pandemic (H1N1) 2009". Data Status Week 41 (Okt, 17). WHO PAHO. 26 October 2009. Archived from the original on 28 October 2009. Retrieved 29 October 2009.
81. Raul Castro confirms 41st swine flu death | Other Countries | Archived 6 April 2023 at the Wayback Machine. En.trend.az (21 December 2009). Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
82. "Cuba reporta 69 fallecidos por el virus A (H1N1)". Cubanet.org. 16 June 2010. Archived from the original on 8 March 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
83. 100 personas con gripe A en el último mes Archived 9 June 2024 at the Wayback Machine. LaRepublica.net. Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
84. Suma Costa Rica 15 muertes por virus A(H1N1) Archived 3 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine. Spanish.peopledaily.com.cn (16 July 2010). Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
85. "ECDC Daily Update – Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 – 28 September 2009" (PDF). 28 September 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 October 2009. Retrieved 28 September 2009.
86. "Death toll from A/H1N1 influenza rises to 58 in Vietnam". Xinhua (10 February 2010). Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
87. "Finland to vaccinate entire population against A/H1N1 flu". Xinhua. 26 November 2009. Archived from the original on 29 November 2009. Retrieved 26 November 2009.
88. "Weekly influenza surveillance overview - 13 August 2010 | Main surveillance developments in Weeks 30–31 2010 (26 July 2010 – 8 August 2010)" (PDF). European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 April 2017. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
89. Slovakia Document Store / Panorama.sk – Pravda Daily on Saturday, December 19 Archived 1 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Panorama.sk. Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
90. Weekly influenza surveillance overview 16 April 2010 Archived 16 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Main surveillance developments in week 14/2010 (5 April 2010 – 11 April 2010)
91. Noticias de Prensa Latina Archived 8 March 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Prensa-latina.cu (1 January 1970). Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
92. Radio New Zealand : News : National : Swine flu death toll revised to 35 Archived 1 May 2010 at the Wayback Machine. Radionz.co.nz (28 April 2010). Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
93. "Pandemic Influenza H1N1 2009 (swine flu) – Update 203". New Zealand Ministry of Health. 26 August 2010. Archived from the original on 19 November 2010. Retrieved 7 February 2011.
94. "174 H1N1 hospitalized cases in Taiwan: health officials". eTaiwanNews. 10 September 2009. Archived from the original on 13 May 2011. Retrieved 10 September 2009.
95. Microsoft Word – Taiwan_Influenza_Express[Engl]2010_W33.doc. (PDF) . Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
96. ИА "Новости – Молдова" Archived 11 November 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Newsmoldova.ru (28 January 2011). Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
97. Www.Basa.Md Archived 26 September 2011 at the Wayback Machine. Www.Basa.Md. Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
98. "First local swine flu death reported in Austria". monstersandcritics.com. 10 November 2009. Archived from the original on 26 November 2009. Retrieved 10 November 2009.
99. "ИНФОРМАЦИЯ ОТ НАЦИОНАЛНАТА РЕФЕРЕНТНА ЛАБОРАТОРИЯ ПО ГРИП И ОСТРИ РЕСПИРАТОРНИ ЗАБОЛЯВАНИЯ НА НЦЗПБ". The Sofia Echo. 9 November 2009. Archived from the original on 30 March 2010. Retrieved 10 November 2009.
100. Weekly influenza surveillance overview 5 February 2010 Archived 26 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Main surveillance developments in week 4/2010 (25 Jan 2010—31 Jan 2010)
101. Expanding access to healthcare for people with low incomes Archived 13 December 2018 at the Wayback Machine, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Latvia, 2 February 2011
102. Weekly influenza surveillance overview 19 February 2010 Archived 16 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine, Main surveillance developments in week 06/2010 (8 Feb 2010—14 Feb 2010)
103. Al-Mahrezi, Abdulaziz; Samir, Nafisa; Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim; Al-Maharmi, Zakaria; Balkhair, Abdulla; Al-Shafee, Mohammed (23 April 2012). "Clinical characteristics of influenza A H1N1 versus other influenza-like illnesses amongst outpatients attending a university health center in Oman". International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 16 (7): E504–E507. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2012.02.015. PMID 22521779. Archived from the original on 5 December 2022. Retrieved 5 December 2022.
104. Department of Communicable Disease Surveillance & Control (25 August 2010). Influenza A(H1N1)2009 Pandemic Response, An Overview (Report). Sultanate of Oman Ministry of Health. p. 29. Archived from the original on 9 June 2024. Retrieved 5 December 2022.
105. Google Translate. Translate.google.com. Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
106. В Грузии от свиного гриппа скончался 33-й больной – свиной грипп, Грузия – Новости Кавказа – Росбалт Archived 2 March 2010 at the Wayback Machine. Rosbalt.ru. Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
107. Asciende a 30 número de salvadoreños fallecidos por A/H1N1 Archived 26 June 2013 at the Wayback Machine. Sdpnoticias.com. Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
108. "Regional Update Pandemic (H1N1) 2009". WHO PAHO. 11 September 2009. Archived from the original on 11 September 2009. Retrieved 12 September 2009.
109. "Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 – update 60". Data Status Week 30 (Jul, 26). WHO. 7 August 2009. Archived from the original on 1 May 2009. Retrieved 29 September 2009.
110. "Over 5,000 H1N1 infections in RP". abs-cbnNews. 26 October 2009. Archived from the original on 29 October 2009. Retrieved 26 October 2009.
111. Search | Sun.Star Network Online^{[permanent dead link]}. Sunstar.com.ph (31 August 2010). Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
112. Saba Net – Yemen news agency Archived 16 November 2018 at the Wayback Machine. Sabanews.net. Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
113. الصالح: 19 ألفاً تطعَّموا ضد إنفلونزا الخنازير و64 ألفاً ضد الموسمية. Al-Jarida (in Arabic). Kuwait. 5 January 2010. Archived from the original on 23 October 2010. Retrieved 7 February 2011.
114. The UB Post-Mongolia's Independent English Newspaper – H1N1 Mongolian Update Archived 22 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Ubpost.mongolnews.mn (15 January 2010). Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
115. "Mongolian protestors demand health minister resign". Reuters. 11 March 2010. Archived from the original on 9 March 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
116. "Ukentlig Rapport" (in Norwegian). Public Health Institute. 16 December 2009. Archived from the original on 13 May 2011. Retrieved 16 December 2009.
117. Google Translate. Translate.google.com (26 January 2010). Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
118. "Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Surveillance Report". Health Protection Surveillance Centre. 5 November 2009. Archived from the original on 8 November 2009. Retrieved 6 November 2009.
119. "Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 – update 63". Data Status Week 33 (Aug, 16). WHO. 28 August 2009. Archived from the original on 1 May 2009. Retrieved 29 September 2009.
120. "A/H1N1 flu virus claims third victim in Macedonia". Xinhua. 29 November 2009. Archived from the original on 30 November 2009. Retrieved 29 November 2009.
121. Swine flu death toll reaches 26 in Macedonia Archived 25 February 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Idividi. Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
122. "Gripa uzrokovana novim virusom A/H1N1" (in Croatian). HZJZ. 16 December 2009. Archived from the original on 21 December 2009. Retrieved 27 April 2016.
123. "Swine flu killed 24 people". DAWN. 27 January 2010. Archived from the original on 28 February 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
124. Individual.com Archived 3 November 2023 at the Wayback Machine. Individual.com. Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
125. "6 Muertos en el año por gripe a/H1N1 en Guatemala". Ansa Latina. 3 January 2010. Archived from the original on 21 October 2010. Retrieved 7 February 2011.
126. "70 cadets quarantined for swine flu". Baltic Reports. 4 November 2009. Archived from the original on 7 July 2011. Retrieved 10 November 2009.
127. Weekly influenza surveillance overview 26 February 2010 Archived 26 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Main surveillance developments in week 7/2010 (15 February 2010 – 21 February 2010)
128. "Situational Update of Cases". Ministry of Health, Singapore. 7 July 2009. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 8 July 2009.
129. "Boy, 5, dies from H1N1". Straits Times. Archived from the original on 1 March 2010.
130. "Ülemiste hingamisteede viirusnakkused ja gripp 51. nädalal" (in Estonian). Tervisekaitseinspektsioon (Estonian Health Protection Inspectorate). 23 December 2009. Archived from the original on 13 May 2011. Retrieved 24 December 2009.
131. Seagripp nĂľudis Eestis 21. ohvri – DELFI Archived 29 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Delfi.ee. Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
132. "Communiqué de Presse, 2009-11-19" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 February 2012. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
133. "Mexicaanse griep treft 40.000 Belgen in een week, twee doden" (in Dutch). hbvl.be. 29 October 2009. Archived from the original on 9 June 2024. Retrieved 29 October 2009.
134. 16th swine flu fatality recorded Archived 12 April 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Jordan Times (17 December 2009). Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
135. "Število obolelih strmo narašča, proti pandemski gripi cepljenih več kot 32.000 ljudi". Inštitut za varovanje zdravja RS. 26 November 2009. Archived from the original on 3 December 2009. Retrieved 26 November 2009.
136. "Bundesamt f r Gesundheit – Grippe A(H1N1)". Archived from the original on 14 May 2009. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
137. Swine flu pandemic said to be on its last breath – swissinfo. Swissinfo.ch. Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
138. "Regional Update Pandemic (H1N1) 2009". Data Status Week 39 (Okt, 03). WHO PAHO. 16 October 2009. Archived from the original on 16 October 2009. Retrieved 19 October 2009.
139. Doctora sospechosa de "gripe porcina" Archived 2 December 2010 at the Wayback Machine. LaTribuna.hn (19 March 2010). Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
140. "A/H1N1 kills 17 in Afghanistan". Xinhua. 12 December 2009. Archived from the original on 9 August 2011. Retrieved 12 December 2009.
141. "Kosovo reports third swine flu death". SETimes. 24 November 2009. Archived from the original on 27 November 2009. Retrieved 24 November 2009.
142. "Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 – update 60". Data Status Week 29 (July, 19). World Health Organization. 31 July 2009. Archived from the original on 5 August 2009. Retrieved 5 August 2009.
143. Google Translate Archived 9 June 2024 at the Wayback Machine. Translate.google.com. Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
144. Google Translate Archived 9 June 2024 at the Wayback Machine. Translate.google.com. Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
145. "Regional Update Pandemic (H1N1) 2009". Data Status Week 42 (Okt, 24). WHO PAHO. 9 November 2009. Archived from the original on 18 November 2009. Retrieved 17 November 2009.
146. Noticias de Prensa Latina. Prensa-latina.cu (1 January 1970). Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
147. Albania confirms 6th swine flu death Archived 14 March 2021 at the Wayback Machine. SETimes.com (21 December 2009). Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
148. A/H1N1, tjeter viktime nga virusi / Archived 26 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Top-channel.tv. Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
149. "Pandemic H1N1 2009". WHO SEARO. 27 September 2009. Archived from the original on 3 May 2009. Retrieved 16 October 2009.
150. "Qatar to get H1N1 vaccine in November". Peninsula Daily. 4 October 2009. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 9 October 2009.
151. "Eighth death from swine flu". Cyprus Mail. 23 January 2010. Archived from the original on 13 May 2011. Retrieved 7 February 2011.
152. North Korea Today – Good Friends: North Korea Today No. 311/No.311-1 Hot Topics December 2009 Archived 6 September 2017 at the Wayback Machine. Goodfriendsusa.blogspot.com (8 December 2009). Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
153. "SKorean president offers swine flu aid to NKorea". The San Diego Union Tribune. Associated Press. 7 December 2009. Archived from the original on 9 June 2024. Retrieved 10 December 2009.
154. "Regional Update Pandemic (H1N1) 2009". Data Status Week 38 (Sep, 26). WHO PAHO. 9 October 2009. Archived from the original on 9 October 2009. Retrieved 12 October 2009.
155. Seventh H1N1 death recorded – News Archived 1 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Go-Jamaica (29 December 2009). Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
156. "Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 – update 71". Data Status Week 41 (Okt, 11). WHO. 23 October 2009. Archived from the original on 1 May 2009. Retrieved 25 October 2009.
157. toute l'info suisse romande :: votre multi-portails régional Archived 5 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine. Romandie. Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
158. Cambodian A/H1N1 death case rises to 6_English_Xinhua. Xinhua (18 December 2009). Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
159. "SITUATION REPORT Pandemic influenza (H1N1) 2009" (PDF). ECDC. 9 August 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 February 2010. Retrieved 27 September 2009.
160. "EuroFlu – Weekly Electronic Bulletin". Data Status Week 43 (Okt, 25). WHO/Europe. 30 October 2009. Archived from the original on 19 November 2009. Retrieved 18 November 2009.
161. "Weekly influenza surveillance overview" (PDF). ECDC. 30 October 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 November 2009. Retrieved 31 October 2009.
162. Fifth swine flu death Archived 6 April 2023 at the Wayback Machine. timesofmalta.com (14 July 2009). Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
163. "Regional Update Pandemic (H1N1) 2009". Data Status Week 30 (August, 1). WHO PAHO. 28 August 2009. Retrieved 1 September 2009.
164. Sudan confirms 5 A/H1N1 flu deaths, 145 infection cases_English_Xinhua. Xinhua (28 December 2009). Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
165. "Regional Update Pandemic (H1N1) 2009". Data Status Week 40 (Okt, 10). WHO PAHO. 26 October 2009. Archived from the original on 28 October 2009. Retrieved 29 October 2009.
166. Ghana, Business Advice, Jobs, News, Business Directory, Real Estate, Finance, Forms, Auto Archived 9 June 2024 at the Wayback Machine. BusinessGhana (21 June 2010). Retrieved on 8 February 2011.
167. Armenia records A/H1N1 decline – Health – Panorama | Armenian news Archived 29 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Panorama.am. Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
168. "Fréttir" [News]. Landlæknisembættið [Directorate of Health] (in Icelandic). 12 November 2009. Archived from the original on 2 March 2012.
169. "Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 – update 67". Data Status Week 37 (Sep, 13). WHO. 25 September 2009. Archived from the original on 1 May 2009. Retrieved 29 September 2009.
170. "H1N1: 121 Cases In Nine Days, 27 School Classes Advised To Close". BruDirect.com. 19 August 2009. Archived from the original on 22 August 2009. Retrieved 19 August 2009.
171. Second Death From H1N1 | Third Stories Archived 25 February 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Brudirect.com (6 April 2010). Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
172. "Suriname And Belize To Begin H1N1 Flu Vaccination". News.brunei.fm. Nam New Network. 19 February 2010. Archived from the original on 26 February 2012. Retrieved 7 February 2011.
173. "Regional Update Pandemic (H1N1) 2009". Data Status Week 39 (Okt, 03). WHO PAHO. 9 October 2009. Archived from the original on 9 October 2009. Retrieved 12 October 2009.
174. "A/H1N1 flu cases increase to 242 in Laos". Xinhua. 26 August 2009. Archived from the original on 9 August 2011. Retrieved 26 August 2009.
175. Swine flu death reported in Bermuda – Bermuda Sun... Beyond the Headlines – Hamilton, Bermuda Archived 5 April 2023 at the Wayback Machine. Bermudasun.bm (6 January 2010). Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
176. "Swine flu cases rises in Zimbabwe". Afrique Jet. 20 October 2009. Archived from the original on 27 October 2012. Retrieved 6 November 2009.
177. "Zambia: Copperbelt Records Highest Swine Flu Cases". AllAfrica. 1 October 2009. Archived from the original on 16 October 2009. Retrieved 1 October 2009.
178. "Excess flu jabs could go abroad". BBC News. 15 January 2010. Archived from the original on 12 April 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
179. "H1N1 cases reach 91". Bhutan Observer. 11 June 2010.
180. "Regional Update Pandemic (H1N1) 2009". WHO PAHO. 4 September 2009. Archived from the original on 11 September 2009. Retrieved 14 September 2009.
181. Cameroon Launches Massive Swine Flu Vaccine Campaign | Africa | English Archived 9 January 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Voanews.com (29 October 2010). Retrieved on 7 February 2011.
182. "EuroFlu – Weekly Electronic Bulletin". Data Status Week 40 (Okt, 4). WHO/Europe. 9 October 2009. Archived from the original on 5 November 2009. Retrieved 20 October 2009.
183. "Confirmed swine flu cases rise to 61 in Kyrgyzstan". Trend.az. 20 November 2009. Archived from the original on 23 November 2009. Retrieved 20 November 2009.
184. "Tíðindaskriv" (PDF). landslaeknin.fo. 7 September 2009. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 23 November 2009.
185. "Regional Update Pandemic (H1N1) 2009". Data Status Week 33 (August, 22). WHO PAHO. 28 August 2009. Archived from the original on 5 February 2010. Retrieved 1 September 2009.
186. "Number of A/H1N1 cases explodes". The Monaco Times. 16 November 2009. Archived from the original on 18 November 2009. Retrieved 13 December 2009.
187. "No Swine Flu deaths in Botswana". Mmegi Online. 26 September 2009. Archived from the original on 13 May 2011. Retrieved 26 September 2009.
188. "Guyana confirms 27th H1N1 case". Guyana Chronicle. 31 December 2009. Archived from the original on 9 June 2024. Retrieved 2 January 2010.
189. "Regional Update Pandemic (H1N1) 2009". Data Status Week 28 (July, 18). WHO PAHO. 28 August 2009. Retrieved 1 September 2009.
190. "Number of swine flu cases reaches 16 in Tajikistan". 18 December 2009. Retrieved 18 December 2009.
191. "Azerbaijan reports new case of swine flu". APA. 11 November 2009. Archived from the original on 14 November 2009. Retrieved 11 November 2009.
192. "Summary of Situation of Pandemic (H1N1) 2009". Week of 21 Sep – 27 Sep 2009. WHO SEARO. 27 September 2009. Archived from the original on 3 May 2009. Retrieved 16 October 2009.
193. "Influenza A: i casi salgono a 5. Tutti verso la guarigione". San Marino RTV. 10 November 2009. Archived from the original on 5 September 2012. Retrieved 8 December 2009.
194. "E600 to test for swine flu". Times of Swaziland. 27 August 2009. Archived from the original on 22 May 2013. Retrieved 27 August 2009.
195. "Swine flu hits Greenland as toll rises in Europe". Focus Information Agency. 11 November 2009. Archived from the original on 9 May 2013. Retrieved 11 November 2009.
196. "Situation updates – Influenza A(H1N1)". Epidemic and Pandemic Alert and Response. World Health Organization. Archived from the original on 13 May 2009. Retrieved 13 May 2009.
197. "Human infection with pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus: updated interim WHO guidance on global surveillance" (PDF). Annex 4. WHO. 10 July 2009. p. 16. Archived (PDF) from the original on 14 August 2009. Retrieved 25 July 2009.
198. Dawood FS, Jain S, Finelli L, et al. (June 2009). "Emergence of a novel swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) virus in humans". N. Engl. J. Med. 360 (25): 2605–15. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0903810. PMID 19423869. the number of confirmed cases is an underestimate of the number of cases that have occurred
199. CDC (12 March 2009). "Questions and Answers Regarding Estimating Deaths from Influenza in the United States". CDC. Archived from the original on 1 December 2009. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
200. "Crisisbeheer Mexicaanse griep opgeheven". De Morgen (in Flemish). 25 March 2010. Archived from the original on 25 January 2018. Retrieved 24 January 2018.
201. "Egypt orders pig cull – ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)". Australia: ABC. 29 April 2009. Archived from the original on 13 May 2011. Retrieved 27 September 2009.
202. "OIE position on safety of international trade of pigs and products of pig origin". World Organization for Animal Health. 28 April 2009. Archived from the original on 1 May 2009. Retrieved 30 April 2009.
203. Johnston, Cynthia (8 June 2009). "Egypt quarantines 234 in university dorm over H1N1". Reuters. Archived from the original on 11 January 2020. Retrieved 5 December 2022.
204. "Egypt detects first H1N1 flu case: WHO official". Reuters. 2 June 2009. Archived from the original on 5 June 2009. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
205. "Toddler latest swine flu case in Egypt". Archived from the original on 16 June 2009. Retrieved 12 June 2009.
206. "Introduction and Transmission of 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Virus --- Kenya, June—July 2009". Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 23 October 2009. Archived from the original on 25 October 2009. Retrieved 23 October 2009.
207. "iafrica.com Winter raises H1N1 fears". iAfrica.com. Archived from the original on 7 May 2010. Retrieved 17 March 2010.
208. "FINISHED: World Cup 2010: Swine Flu Threat In Mind - Goal.com". Goal.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2021. Retrieved 17 March 2010.
209. "Prevention against "swine flu" stabile in Azerbaijan: minister". Trend News Agency. 28 April 2009. Archived from the original on 13 May 2011. Retrieved 28 April 2009.
210. "All aircraft and passengers examined at Heydar Aliyev International Airport". Azerbaijan Press Agency. 28 April 2009. Archived from the original on 3 May 2009. Retrieved 29 April 2009.
211. "Azerbaijan-Russia border checkpoints pass to medium security". APA. 2 May 2009. Archived from the original on 3 May 2009. Retrieved 2 May 2009.
212. "Two more Israelis test negative for swine flu". Haaretz. 1 May 2009. Archived from the original on 3 May 2009. Retrieved 1 May 2009.
213. BBC News, "Israel renames unkosher swine flu" Archived 30 April 2009 at the Wayback Machine, 27 April 2009 . Retrieved 28 April 2009.
214. Israeli official: Swine flu name offensive, Associated Press, Yahoo News, 27 April 2009, news.yahoo.com, archived from the original on 2 May 2009, retrieved 28 April 2009
215. Pilkington, Ed (28 April 2009). "What's in a name? Governments debate 'swine flu' versus 'Mexican flu' | World news". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on 1 May 2009. Retrieved 30 April 2009.
216. Ramsey, John (23 May 2009). "Swine flu cases found on U.S. bases in Kuwait". The Fayetteville Observer. Archived from the original on 30 May 2009.
217. Ladki, Nadim (9 February 2009). "Lebanese told not to kiss in anti-swine flu drive | Lifestyle". Reuters. Archived from the original on 1 May 2009. Retrieved 30 April 2009.
218. "News: Swine flu Fear Prompts Lebanon to Ban Pork Imports". FoodBizDaily. 28 April 2009. Archived from the original on 3 May 2009. Retrieved 30 April 2009.
219. "Health Ministry announces detection of a Swine Flu case in Riyadh". وكالة الأنباء السعودية. Archived from the original on 8 March 2021.
220. Sinha, Kounteya (28 April 2009). "American & European visitors to be screened for swine flu". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 11 August 2011. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
221. "13-year-old girl dies of swine flu in Pune, toll reaches 8". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 27 January 2016. Retrieved 11 August 2009.
222. Ibrahim Mohamed (30 April 2009). "Maldives prepares for swine flu". Archived from the original on 4 May 2009. Retrieved 30 April 2009.
223. "Pakistan mobilises against swine flu". The Dawn. 29 April 2009. Archived from the original on 14 August 2009. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
224. "Disease Crosses The 200 mark". Brudirect.com. 8 July 2009. Archived from the original on 12 July 2009. Retrieved 8 July 2009.
225. "Regional flu cases cause concern". phnompenhpost.com. Archived from the original on 8 June 2022. Retrieved 29 April 2009.
226. "Cegah flu babi, pemerintah gelar rapat koordinasi". Kompas newspaper. 27 April 2009. Archived from the original on 1 May 2009. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
227. "Takut flu babi, Indonesia hentikan impor babi". Kompas newspaper. 27 April 2009. Archived from the original on 30 April 2009. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
228. "Govt to make swine flu border checks". Vientiane Times. Archived from the original on 2 May 2009. Retrieved 29 April 2009.
229. "First swine flu death in Laos: Official". The Times of India. 22 July 2009. Archived from the original on 25 July 2009. Retrieved 22 July 2009.
230. "Malaysia on alert after deadly flu hits Mexico". The Star Online. 26 April 2009. Archived from the original on 18 June 2009. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
231. "A (H1N1): Second confirmed case in Malaysia (Update 4)". The Star Online. 16 May 2009. Archived from the original on 18 June 2009. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
232. "Operations room activated to monitor swine flu". Malaysian Insider. 26 April 2009. Archived from the original on 29 April 2009. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
233. "Malaysia confirms first case of A(H1N1) flu (Update 2)". The Star Online. 15 May 2009. Archived from the original on 19 May 2009. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
234. "Swine Flu: Screening team stationed at Thai border". The Star Online. 29 April 2009. Archived from the original on 18 June 2009. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
235. "Special quarantine rooms at 28 hospitals for A(H1N1)". The Star Online. 11 May 2009. Archived from the original on 18 June 2009. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
236. "H1N1 flu outbreak: H1N1 flu watch". Straits Times. Singapore. 2 May 2009. Archived from the original on 4 May 2009. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
237. "A (H1N1): Schools to follow Health Ministry hygiene procedures". The Star Online. 16 May 2009. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
238. "21-year-old student from US has H1N1". The Star Online. 16 May 2009. Archived from the original on 18 June 2009. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
239. "Home quarantine for passengers and crew of AirAsia flight (Update)". The Star Online. 17 May 2009. Archived from the original on 18 June 2009. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
240. "First H1N1-related death in Malaysia". Sun2Surf. 23 July 2009. Archived from the original on 26 July 2009. Retrieved 5 September 2009.
241. "6 new flu deaths in M'sia". Straits Times. Singapore. 11 August 2009. Archived from the original on 14 August 2009. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
242. "Two toddlers die of H1N1, fatalities now at 44". Malaysian Insider. 12 August 2009. Archived from the original on 17 September 2009. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
243. "Quarantine screening of US passengers ordered | Manila Bulletin". Manila Bulletin. Archived from the original on 29 April 2009. Retrieved 26 April 2009.
244. The Philippines' may quarantine travelers Archived 29 August 2012 at the Wayback Machine with Swine flu Symptoms
245. Frank Jordans (25 April 2009). "WHO declares international concern over swine flu". Associated Press. Archived from the original on 24 February 2021. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
246. "RP bans pork, hogs from US, Mexico". ABS-CBN. 26 April 2009. Archived from the original on 27 April 2009. Retrieved 26 April 2009.
247. Anna Valmero (21 May 2009). "DoH confirms first A(H1N1) case in RP". Archived from the original on 25 May 2009. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
248. "Update 41 -Duque Reports 33 More A(H1N1) Cases Sent Home Over the Weekend While Confirming Community Outbreak in 1 Brgy in Jaen". 15 June 2009. Archived from the original on 18 June 2009. Retrieved 16 June 2009.
249. "Update No. 48 – Duque Reports High Risk Patient who Dies of Heart Attack Found with A(h1N1);84% if all Reported Cases have Fully Recovered". Department of Health. Archived from the original on 30 June 2009. Retrieved 22 June 2009.
250. "Possible 1st local case". New Straits Times. 18 June 2009. Archived from the original on 21 June 2009. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
251. "Singapore confirms 23 new flu A/ H1N1 cases". Xinhua. 21 June 2009. Archived from the original on 23 June 2009. Retrieved 5 September 2009.
252. "Singapore reports two more A/H1N1 related deaths". Xinhua. 22 June 2009. Archived from the original on 23 July 2009. Retrieved 5 September 2009.
253. "Fourth H1N1-related death". Straits Times. Singapore. 25 July 2009. Archived from the original on 27 July 2009. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
254. "Vietnam on alert as new killer flu stalks Mexico, US". Thanh Nien. Archived from the original on 29 April 2009. Retrieved 27 April 2009.
255. "Thế giới báo động đại dịch cúm heo" (in Vietnamese). Tuoi Tre. Retrieved 27 April 2009.^{[permanent dead link]}
256. Thanh Nien staff & VNA. "Vietnam raises swine flu alert level". Thanh Nien. Archived from the original on 2 May 2009. Retrieved 30 April 2009.
257. Thanh Nien staff. "Vietnam considers ban on pork import, raises swine flu alert". Archived from the original on 3 May 2009. Retrieved 2 May 2009.
258. "First Case of A(H1N1) virus in Vietnam". Archived from the original on 2 June 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2009.
259. "FACTBOX-Asia moves to ward off new flu virus". Reuters. 9 February 2009. Archived from the original on 30 April 2009. Retrieved 26 April 2009.
260. "China suspends flights from Mexico". XinHua. Archived from the original on 3 May 2009. Retrieved 2 May 2009.
261. "China Southern charter picking up 120 Chinese visitors in Mexico on May 5". XinHua. Archived from the original on 5 May 2009. Retrieved 2 May 2009. (in Chinese)
262. "SeattlePI".
263. Schwartz, Rachel D.; Schwartz, Jonathan (Spring 2010). "Confronting Global Pandemics: Lessons from China and the U.S." (PDF). Global Health Governance. 3 (2). Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 10 December 2022.
264. "Latest News of Center for Health Protection". chp.gov.hk. Centre for Health Protection, Hong Kong. 18 December 2009. Archived from the original on 21 December 2009. Retrieved 2 May 2009.
265. "Swine flu alert raised to 'serious'". Sc.info.gov.hk. 26 April 2009. Archived from the original on 29 April 2009. Retrieved 2 May 2009.
266. "Secretary for Food and Health on the issue of swine flu (press releases)". Fhb.gov.hk. 26 April 2009. Archived from the original on 30 April 2009. Retrieved 2 May 2009.
267. Tang, Leslie (28 April 2009). "HK steps up SARS-like emergency precautions against swine flu". Channel News Asia. Archived from the original on 2 December 2012. Retrieved 29 April 2009.
268. Webley, Kayla (27 April 2009). "The Lessons from SARS". Time. Archived from the original on 30 April 2009. Retrieved 29 April 2009.
269. "Emergency in force after case confirmed". Radio Television Hong Kong. 1 May 2009. Archived from the original on 3 May 2009. Retrieved 1 May 2009.
270. "Hong Kong govt confirms first H1N1 flu case". Reuters. 1 May 2009. Archived from the original on 3 May 2009. Retrieved 1 May 2009.
271. "Hong Kong Confirms Swine Flu Case, Declares Emergency". Bloomberg L.P. 1 May 2009. Archived from the original on 9 June 2024. Retrieved 1 May 2009.
272. "SFH on human swine flu press conference on 1/5". Centre for Health Protection, Hong Kong. 1 May 2009. Archived from the original on 9 June 2024. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
273. "1st H1N1 case confirmed in HK". News.gov.hk. Archived from the original on 2 May 2009. Retrieved 2 May 2009.
274. "Japan on high alert for swine flu after outbreak in Mexico". Kyodo News. 26 April 2009. Archived from the original on 29 April 2009. Retrieved 26 April 2009.
275. MOFA issues red travel alert for Mexico on swine fluu. CNA Archived 29 April 2009 at the Wayback Machine
276. "FACTBOX-Asia moves to ward off new flu virus". Reuters. 26 April 2009. Archived from the original on 30 April 2009. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
277. "Japáo confirma primeiros três casos de gripe H1N1" (in Portuguese). O Globo. 8 May 2009. Archived from the original on 15 June 2011. Retrieved 8 May 2009.
278. Kubota, Yoko (8 May 2009). "Japan confirms 3 cases of new flu strain". Reuters. Archived from the original on 15 May 2009. Retrieved 9 May 2009.
279. "First domestic case of H1NI flu infection confirmed in Japan". The Japan Times. 16 May 2009. Archived from the original on 22 July 2010. Retrieved 16 May 2009.
280. "Patients of A/H1N1 flu amount to 410 in Japan". Xinhua. 4 June 2009. Archived from the original on 9 August 2011. Retrieved 4 June 2009.
281. SKorean woman 'probably' has swine flu: health agency. From Asiaone Archived 1 May 2009 at the Wayback Machine, 28 April 2009.
282. "Swine Flu: Lab Confirmed Cases by Country". Swivel. Archived from the original on 2 May 2009. Retrieved 1 May 2009.
283. "Swine Flu Interactive Map – Google Maps". Google Maps. 1 January 1970. Archived from the original on 11 November 2012. Retrieved 1 May 2009.
284. "the first suspected is 'confirmed' as new influenza infected in S.Korea". SBS. 2 May 2009. Archived from the original on 4 May 2009. Retrieved 2 May 2009.
285. "the brain death is caused by the irruption of new influenza on brain". Kooki news. 8 September 2009. Archived from the original on 13 June 2011. Retrieved 8 September 2009.
286. "The China Post". The China Post. Archived from the original on 21 May 2009. Retrieved 20 May 2009.
287. WHO tries to come up with swine flu plan. Associated Press
288. Taiwan sets up command center to counter swine flu^{[permanent dead link]}. CNA
289. Taiwan to launch on-board flu checks on flights from America. CNA Archived 24 July 2009 at the Wayback Machine
290. Reuters, "Japan finds first case of H1N1 resistant to Tamiflu" Archived 22 November 2020 at the Wayback Machine, Yoko Kubota, 2 July 2009
291. Canadian Press, "Tamiflu resistant H1N1 from Hong Kong more worrying than earlier findings", Helen Branswell, 6 July 2009
292. Yomiuri Shimbun 29 August 2009 ver.13S page 1
293. "Europe's first swine flu case confirmed in Spain". Agence France-Presse. 27 April 2009. Archived from the original on 25 January 2018. Retrieved 24 January 2018.
294. McGreal, Chris; Tuckman, Jo; Williams, Rachel; Nasaw, Daniel (27 April 2009). "Europeans urged to avoid Mexico and US as swine flu death toll exceeds 100". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on 30 April 2009. Retrieved 24 January 2018.
295. "Finland faces first swine flu death". Yle Uutiset. 26 October 2009. Archived from the original on 29 October 2009. Retrieved 24 January 2018.
296. "Hungary reports first death from H1N1 flu". Reuters. 22 July 2009. Retrieved 3 July 2024.
297. Doyle, Killian (7 August 2009). "First swine flu death in Ireland announced". The Irish Times. Archived from the original on 8 March 2021. Retrieved 24 January 2018.
298. Alphonso, Caroline (25 November 2009). "Severe allergic reaction seen after H1N1 flu shot". Globe and Mail. Toronto. Archived from the original on 27 November 2009. Retrieved 28 November 2009. "Roughly 10 per cent of Canadians have been infected, and another 25 per cent have been immunized."
299. Government of Canada – Health Canada: Update bulletins for influenza A H1N1 2009 (human swine influenza) Archived 18 August 2009 at the Wayback Machine
300. "CBC – The Road to Rollout, 6 Nov. 2009". Archived from the original on 1 November 2009. Retrieved 28 November 2009.
301. "Bi-weekly and cumulative number of deaths due to Pandemic (H1N1) 2009, by province/territory, Canada". Public Health Agency of Canada. 26 November 2009. Archived from the original on 5 August 2009. Retrieved 26 November 2009.
302. "One quarter of Canadians immunized for H1N1: Top doc". Toronto Star. 16 November 2009. Archived from the original on 19 November 2009. Retrieved 28 November 2009. "The country's chief public health officer says almost one-quarter of Canadians have been immunized against swine flu. Dr. David Butler-Jones says Canada is leading the world when it comes to the percentage of the population vaccinated."
303. "Yahoo UK & Ireland - Sports News | Live Scores | Results". uk.sports.yahoo.com.
304. "Mexico closes schools nationwide due to swine flu". Associated Press. Archived from the original on 29 April 2009. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
305. "Influenza-Like Illness in the United States and Mexico". World Health Organization. Archived from the original on 12 December 2010. Retrieved 6 December 2010.
306. "Mexican H1N1 flu spreads easily: study". Reuters. 11 May 2009. Retrieved 11 May 2023.
307. Neergaard, Lauran (26 April 2009). "World Races to Contain Swine Flu". Lakeland Ledger. Retrieved 3 July 2024.
308. "AP Top News at 9:11 pm EDT". Associated Press. 25 April 2009. Retrieved 25 April 2009.^{[permanent dead link]}
309. "Estima SSA 10 dias de alerta por influenza". Reforma. 25 April 2009. Archived from the original on 30 June 2013. Retrieved 14 April 2013.
310. "Mexico's Calderon Declares Emergency Amid Swine Flu Outbreak". Bloomberg L.P. 25 April 2009. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
311. "All schools closed in Mexico". CNN. 27 April 2009. Archived from the original on 30 April 2009. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
312. "Human Swine Influenza Investigation". US Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Archived from the original on 12 November 2009. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
313. "Mayor Says City Confirms 20 More Cases of Swine Flu". New York 1. 27 April 2009. Archived from the original on 30 April 2009. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
314. Thomas H. Maugh II (24 April 2009). "Eight swine flu cases identified in U.S.: All victims, six of them in California, have recovered. Officials say the new virus is easily passed, but does not appear to be especially virulent. Researchers plan to go to Mexico, where the viruses in 12 cases match six in the U.S.". Los Angeles Times.
315. "U.S. Declares Public Health Emergency For Swine Flu". Lakeland Ledger. 26 April 2009. Retrieved 3 July 2024.
316. First U.S. swine flu death confirmed, CNN, 29 April 2009
317. "US resident dies from swine flu". BBC. 5 May 2009. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
318. "WHO – Influenza A(H1N1) – update 44". Archived from the original on 5 June 2009.
319. "Demand, flu patterns lead states to reduce testing". University of Minnesota. 8 May 2009. Archived from the original on 12 October 2009. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
320. Emma Hitt, PhD (9 May 2009). "CDC: H1N1 Flu Numbers Represent a "Very Great Underestimate"". Retrieved 14 November 2009.
321. "2009 H1N1 Pandemic". US Centers For Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved 17 April 2020.
322. "Aruba checks disembarking passengers: Precautionary measures regarding swine influenza". Amigoe. 27 April 2009. Archived from the original on 2 February 2019. Retrieved 29 April 2009.
323. "UNDER CONTROL". Nation News. 4 June 2009. Retrieved 10 June 2009.^{[permanent dead link]}
324. "Second case of H1N1". Nation News. 9 June 2009. Archived from the original on 12 June 2009. Retrieved 10 June 2009.
325. "Third H1N1 flu case". Nation News. 10 June 2009. Retrieved 10 June 2009.^{[permanent dead link]}
326. "4th confirmed case of H1N1". Nation News. 18 June 2009. Archived from the original on 21 June 2009. Retrieved 18 June 2009.
327. "Cuba suspends Mexico flights because of swine flu". Seattle Times. 28 April 2009. Archived from the original on 3 May 2009. Retrieved 29 April 2009.
328. "Cuba confirms its first swine flu case", Tucson Citizen, Associated Press, tucsoncitizen.com, 12 May 2009, archived from the original on 3 December 2013, retrieved 26 January 2013
329. "Two cases confirmed in the Dominican Republic". DiarioLibre.com. 27 May 2009. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
330. "Salud Pública Confirman un nuevo caso de la gripe A", es:Diario Libre (in Spanish), 13 June 2009, retrieved 26 January 2013
331. "Jamaica Prepares for Swine Flu". Jamaica Bserver. 29 April 2009. Archived from the original on 2 May 2009. Retrieved 30 April 2009.
332. Trinidad Express – "Trinidad News, Trinidad Newspaper, Trinidad Sports, Trinidad politics, Trinidad and Tobago, Tobago News, Trinidad classifieds, Trinidad TV, Sports, Business". Archived from the original on 10 June 2009. Retrieved 7 June 2009.
333. "Suspected swine flu cases in Caribbean as WHO raises alert level". Caribbean360.com. 30 April 2009. Archived from the original on 3 May 2009. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
334. "Confirmada primera tica con fiebre porcina" (in Spanish). La Nación. Archived from the original on 1 May 2009. Retrieved 28 April 2009.
335. "Confirmado segundo tico con fiebre porcina" (in Spanish). La Nación. 28 April 2009. Archived from the original on 1 May 2009. Retrieved 28 April 2009.
336. "Ensayo de vacuna contra virus AH1N1 incluirá a Costa Rica" (in Spanish). La Nación. 31 July 2009. Archived from the original on 3 August 2009. Retrieved 1 August 2009.
337. "Presidente Arias contagiado con gripe AH1N1" (in Spanish). La Nación. 11 August 2009. Archived from the original on 14 August 2009. Retrieved 11 August 2009.
338. "Costa Rican president sick with swine flu". CNN. 11 August 2009. Retrieved 11 August 2009.
339. "Presidente retoma hoy actividades públicas" (in Spanish). La Nación. 18 August 2009. Archived from the original on 21 August 2009. Retrieved 31 August 2009.
340. Ministerio de Salud de Costa Rica (15 October 2009). "Comunicado Oficial: Situación de la Influenza Pandémica en Costa Rica al 15 de octubre de 2009 – Boletín N. 62" (PDF) (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 October 2009.^{[permanent dead link]}
341. "Guatemala tests patient for suspected swine flu". Reuters. 29 April 2009. Archived from the original on 30 April 2009. Retrieved 30 April 2009.
342. "País entre los que más roban señal de TV de paga". elPeriodico. Archived from the original on 8 March 2012. Retrieved 5 May 2009.
343. "Comunicado Oficial: Situación de la Influenza Pandémica en Costa Rica" (PDF) (in Spanish). Ministerio de Salud de Costa Rica. 7 July 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 September 2009. Retrieved 8 July 2009.
344. "Once personas más afectadas por virus". La Prensa. Archived from the original on 13 May 2011. Retrieved 17 May 2009.
345. "First confirmed case of swine flu in Australia". News.com.au. 9 May 2009. Archived from the original on 11 May 2009. Retrieved 9 May 2009.
346. "National tally of people being tested for Swine Influenza as at 12 pm, 9 July 2009" (PDF). Department of Health and Ageing. 9 July 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 July 2009. Retrieved 9 July 2009.
347. "Rudd defends swine flu threat upgrade". ABC News. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 23 May 2009. Archived from the original on 27 May 2009. Retrieved 23 May 2009.
348. "70 Australians tested for swine flu". Melbourne: AAP. 29 April 2009. Archived from the original on 30 April 2009. Retrieved 28 April 2009.
349. World Health Organization (16 October 2009). "Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 – update 70". ReliefWeb. Retrieved 27 October 2009.
350. Kirkey, Sharon (26 November 2009). "H1N1 flu putting more children in hospital than seasonal variety". The Vancouver Sun. Canwest News Service. Retrieved 7 December 2009.^{[permanent dead link]}
351. "Influenza A (H1N1) Swine Flu – Update Ninety-five". Archived from the original on 23 May 2010. Retrieved 5 September 2009.
352. "'Solomon Islands may lack capacity to deal with H1N1 outbreak' says official". 15 June 2009. Archived from the original on 16 June 2009. Retrieved 15 June 2009.
353. "Samoa confirms positive swine flu test for Australian student". 15 June 2009. Archived from the original on 18 June 2009. Retrieved 15 June 2009.
354. Heguy, Silvina (26 April 2009). "La Argentina ya controla a los pasajeros que llegan a Ezeiza". Clarín (in Spanish). Retrieved 28 April 2009.
355. "Por la gripe porcina, el Gobierno suspende los vuelos con México". Clarín (in Spanish). 27 April 2009. Archived from the original on 1 May 2009. Retrieved 28 April 2009.
356. "Ministerio de Salud de la Nación". Archived from the original on 15 May 2009. Retrieved 5 September 2009.
357. "Confirman seis muertes más por el virus en la ciudad". La Nación (in Spanish). 3 July 2009. Archived from the original on 6 July 2009. Retrieved 3 July 2009.
358. "Ya hay en el país 100.000 contagiados por la gripe A". La Nación (in Spanish). 2 July 2009. Archived from the original on 6 July 2009. Retrieved 2 July 2009.
359. "La Argentina es el segundo país en cantidad de muertos por gripe A". La Nación (in Spanish). 14 July 2009. Retrieved 14 July 2009.
360. "Ocorrências de casos humanos de influenza suína no México e nos EUA" (Press release) (in Portuguese). Brazilian Ministry of Health. 26 April 2009. Archived from the original on 29 April 2009. Retrieved 27 April 2009.
361. "Confirman primer caso de influenza H1N1 en Chile". 17 May 2009. Archived from the original on 20 May 2009. Retrieved 17 May 2009.
362. "A/H1N1 flu infections rise to 224 in Chile". 29 May 2009. Archived from the original on 18 June 2009. Retrieved 30 May 2009.
363. "ISP confirms first swine flu death in Chile". El Mercurio Online. 2 June 2009. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
364. EMOL (6 July 2009). "Especialista estima en 500.000 los casos de influenza en Chile" (in Spanish). EMOL. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 6 July 2009.
365. EFE (28 April 2009). "Bajan a cuatro los casos de sospecha de gripe porcina en Colombia". El Espectador (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 3 May 2009. Retrieved 28 April 2009.
366. "Bajo tratamiento médico y estable se encuentra primer contagiado en Colombia con AH1N1" (in Spanish). Caracol Radio. 2 May 2009. Archived from the original on 17 July 2011. Retrieved 3 May 2009.
367. "Colombia declara situación de desastre para enfrentar la gripe porcina" (in Spanish). Caracol TV. 27 April 2009. Archived from the original on 3 May 2009. Retrieved 28 April 2009.
368. "Colombia declares state of emergency over swine flu threat". Colombia Reports. 27 April 2009. Archived from the original on 29 April 2009. Retrieved 28 April 2009.
369. "Medicamento para tratar gripe porcina ya está en Colombia" (in Spanish). Caracol TV. 29 April 2009. Archived from the original on 3 May 2009. Retrieved 29 April 2009.
370. The world response to flu crisis, BBC News, 28 April 2009. Retrieved 30 April 2009.
371. Ecuador restringe por un mes vuelos a México Archived 2 May 2009 at the Wayback Machine, El Universal, 29 April 2009.
372. "ECUADOR HABRIA CONFIRMADO PRIMER CASO DE GRIPE AH1N1". Archived from the original on 18 May 2009.
373. "Ministra de Salud de Ecuador confirma 8 casos de gripe AH1N1". El Universo. 20 May 2009.
374. "2 personas más con gripe porcina". El Universo. 2 June 2009.
375. "Peru confirms 2nd swine flu case in US man". Houston Chronicle. 17 May 2009. Archived from the original on 19 May 2009. Retrieved 17 May 2009.
376. "Escolar infectada con el virus AH1N1 es el tercer y no el cuarto caso..." 29 July 2012. Archived from the original on 29 July 2012.
377. "Perú toma precauciones con la gripe porcina" (in Spanish). Radio Programas del Perú. 24 April 2009. Retrieved 25 April 2009.
378. "News " Five Peru patients test negative for swine flu – Government discards threat". Living in Peru. Archived from the original on 3 May 2009. Retrieved 30 April 2009.
379. Altman Lawrence K (28 April 2009). "Sound the alarm? A swine flu bind". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 3 May 2009. Retrieved 30 April 2009.
380. "GLOBAL: No A (H1N1) cases – reality or poor lab facilities?". Reuters. 8 May 2009. Archived from the original on 11 May 2009. Retrieved 9 May 2009.
381. "Observational studies and bias in epidemiology" (PDF). College board. 2004. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 April 2009. Retrieved 30 April 2009.

External links

• Swine influenza, at the World Health Organization
• WHO's current Pandemic Influenza Phase
• Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Swine Influenza (Flu)
• Medical Encyclopedia Medline Plus: Swine Flu
• Medical Encyclopedia WebMD: Swine Flu Centre
• H1N1 Statistics and Confirmed Worldwide Cases