Butadiene
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1,3-Butadiene (/ˌbjuːtəˈdaɪiːn/)[8] is the organic compound with the formula CH2=CH-CH=CH2. It is a colorless gas that is easily condensed to a liquid. It is important industrially as a precursor to synthetic rubber.[9] The molecule can be viewed as the union of two vinyl groups. It is the simplest conjugated diene.
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Names | |||
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Preferred IUPAC name
Buta-1,3-diene[1] | |||
Other names
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Identifiers | |||
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3D model (JSmol) |
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605258 | |||
ChEBI | |||
ChEMBL | |||
ChemSpider |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.003.138 | ||
EC Number |
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25198 | |||
KEGG |
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PubChem CID |
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RTECS number |
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UNII | |||
UN number | 1010 | ||
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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Properties[2] | |||
C4H6 CH2=CH-CH=CH2 | |||
Molar mass | 54.0916 g/mol | ||
Appearance | Colourless gas or refrigerated liquid | ||
Odor | Mildly aromatic or gasoline-like | ||
Density |
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Melting point | −108.91 °C (−164.04 °F; 164.24 K) | ||
Boiling point | −4.41 °C (24.06 °F; 268.74 K) | ||
1.3 g/L at 5 °C, 735 mg/L at 20 °C | |||
Solubility | |||
Vapor pressure | 2.4 atm (20 °C)[4] | ||
Refractive index (nD) |
1.4292 | ||
Viscosity | 0.25 cP at 0 °C | ||
Hazards | |||
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |||
Main hazards |
Flammable, irritative, carcinogen | ||
GHS labelling:[5] | |||
Danger | |||
H220, H280, H340, H350 | |||
P202, P210, P280, P308+P313, P377, P381, P403 | |||
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |||
Flash point | −85 °C (−121 °F; 188 K) liquid flash point[4] | ||
414 °C (777 °F; 687 K)[6] | |||
Explosive limits | 2–12% | ||
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |||
LD50 (median dose) |
548 mg/kg (rat, oral) | ||
LC50 (median concentration) |
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LCLo (lowest published) |
250,000 ppm (rabbit, 30 min)[7] | ||
NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |||
PEL (Permissible) |
TWA 1 ppm ST 5 ppm[4] | ||
REL (Recommended) |
Potential occupational carcinogen[4] | ||
IDLH (Immediate danger) |
2000 ppm[4] | ||
Safety data sheet (SDS) | ECSC 0017 | ||
Related compounds | |||
Isoprene Chloroprene | |||
Related compounds |
Butane | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Although butadiene breaks down quickly in the atmosphere, it is nevertheless found in ambient air in urban and suburban areas as a consequence of its constant emission from motor vehicles.[10]
The name butadiene can also refer to the isomer, 1,2-butadiene, which is a cumulated diene with structure H2C=C=CH−CH3. This allene has no industrial significance.