Ḍād
Letter of the Arabic alphabet / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Ḍād (ﺽ) is one of the six letters the Arabic alphabet added to the twenty-two inherited from the Phoenician alphabet (the others being ṯāʾ, ḫāʾ, ḏāl, ẓāʾ, ġayn). In name and shape, it is a variant of ṣād. Its numerical value is 800 (see Abjad numerals).
Ḍād | |
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Arabic | ﺽ |
Phonemic representation | d̪ˤ~dˤ, d̪ˠ |
Position in alphabet | 26 |
Numerical value | 800 |
Alphabetic derivatives of the Phoenician |
Ḍād | |
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ﺽ | |
Usage | |
Writing system | Arabic script |
Type | Abjad |
Language of origin | Arabic language |
Phonetic usage | d̪ˤ~dˤ, d̪ˠ |
Alphabetical position | 15 |
History | |
Development |
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Other | |
Writing direction | Right-to-left |
This article contains phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For the distinction between [ ], / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters. |
In Modern Standard Arabic and many dialects, it represents an "emphatic" /d/, and it might be pronounced as a pharyngealized voiced alveolar stop [dˤ]ⓘ, pharyngealized voiced dental stop [d̪ˤ] or velarized voiced dental stop [d̪ˠ].[1] The sound it represented at the time of the introduction of the Arabic alphabet is somewhat uncertain, likely a pharyngealized voiced alveolar lateral fricative [ɮˤ]ⓘ or a similar affricated sound [d͡ɮˤ] or [dˡˤ].[2] One of the important aspects in some Tihama dialects is the preservation of the emphatic lateral fricative sound [ɮˤ], this sound is likely to be very similar to the original realization of ḍād, but this sound ([ɮˤ]) and [ðˤ] are used as two allophones for the two sounds ḍād ض and ẓāʾ ظ.[3]
Position in word | Isolated | Final | Medial | Initial |
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Glyph form: (Help) |
ض | ـض | ـضـ | ضـ |