α-Amanitin
Chemical compound / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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α-Amanitin (alpha-Amanitin) is a cyclic peptide of eight amino acids. It is possibly the most deadly of all the amatoxins, toxins found in several species of the mushroom genus Amanita, one being the death cap (Amanita phalloides) as well as the destroying angel, a complex of similar species, principally A. virosa and A. bisporigera. It is also found in the mushrooms Galerina marginata, Lepiota subincarnata and Conocybe filaris. The oral LD50 of amanitin is 100 μg/kg for rats.
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Other names
(cyclic L-asparaginyl-4-hydroxy-L-proly-(R)-4,5-dihydroxy-L-isoleucyl-6-hydroxy-2-mercapto-L-tryptophylglycyl-L-isoleucylglycyl-L-cysteinyl) cyclic (4 → 8)-sulfide(R)-S-oxide. | |
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3D model (JSmol) |
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ChEBI | |
ChemSpider |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.041.287 |
PubChem CID |
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UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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Properties | |
C39H54N10O14S | |
Molar mass | 918.97 g/mol |
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Hazards | |
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
Main hazards |
Highly toxic |
GHS labelling: | |
H300, H310, H330, H373 | |
P260, P262, P264, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P310, P302+P350, P304+P340, P310, P314, P320, P321, P322, P330, P361, P363, P403+P233, P405, P501 | |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Unlike most cyclic peptides, amatoxins (and phallotoxins) are synthesized on ribosomes. The genes encoding the proprotein for α-amanitin belong to the same family as those that encode for phallacidin (a phallotoxin).[1]