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French physicist (1841–1915) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Émile Hilaire Amagat (2 January 1841 in Saint-Satur – 15 February 1915) was a French physicist.[1] His doctoral thesis, published in 1872, expanded on the work of Thomas Andrews, and included plots of the isotherms of carbon dioxide at high pressures.[2] Amagat published a paper in 1877 that contradicted the current understanding at the time, concluding that the coefficient of compressibility of fluids decreased with increasing pressure.[2] He continued to publish data on isotherms for a number of different gases between 1879 and 1882,[2] and invented the hydraulic manometer, which was able to withstand up to 3200 atmospheres, as opposed to 400 atmospheres using a glass apparatus.[3] In 1880 he published his law of partial volumes, now known as Amagat's law.
Émile Hilaire Amagat | |
---|---|
Born | |
Died | 15 February 1915 74) Saint-Satur, France | (aged
Nationality | French |
Known for | Amagat's law, Hydraulic Manometer |
Scientific career | |
Fields | Physics, Thermodynamics |
For his studies, he developed many original piezometer devices. His originality went so far as to use the depth of a mine shaft being drilled to reach high pressures of 430 atmospheres in order to study the equations of state of certain gases.[4] His expertise led him to collaborate with the physicist Peter Tait in the development of a piezometer suitable for measuring the compressibility of liquids.[5]
Amagat was elected a member of the French Academy of Sciences on 9 June 1902.[6] A unit of number density, amagat, was named after him. He was elected a foreign member of the Royal Society of London in 1897.[7]
The French Academy of Sciences gave him the posthumous award of the Prix Jean Reynaud for 1915.[8]
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