Dòlic

El Dòlic o Dolichos (grec: Δόλιχος, traduït com "cursa llarga") era una antiga carrera a peu que formava part del programa dels antics Jocs Olímpics i els altres Jocs Panhelènics. Fou introduïda el 720 aC.

Thumb — Antic estadi d'Olímpia, lloc on es realitzava la prova.

La distància era aproximadament de 4800 metres. Fonts diferents presenten proves contradictòries sobre la longitud real de la prova. No obstant això, la durada mitjana citada de la cursa era d'aproximadament 12,5 voltes, quasi cinc quilòmetres. L'esdeveniment es va fer de manera similar a les modernes maratons (els corredors començarien i acabarien la seva prova a l'estadi pròpiament dit), però el circuit circulava pel recinte olímpic. El recorregut sovint flanquejava importants santuaris i estàtues al santuari, passant per l'estàtua del temple de Zeus abans de tornar a l'estadi Les proves arqueològiques de Nemea també mostren que hi havia pals de gir individuals.^[1]^[2]

Notes

[1]
Golden, p. 55. "Dolichos, "long race", one of the regular events of Greek competitive festivals. The dolichos varied in length from seven to twenty-four lengths of the STADIUM - from 1,400 to 4,800 Greek feet. The race at Olympia was apparently one of the longest; only men ran here - the first winner, in 720, was ACANTHUS of Sparta. However, dolichos was on the original programme for paides as well as men at the Pythian games and is attested at Nemea too. The dolichos for younger competitors may have been shorter (like all the footraces for boys and AGENEIOI Plato planned for his Cretan city). A horse (says Galen) would run dolichos better than a man. Among men, the ideal was a strong neck and shoulders - to hold up the hands during most of the race - and light, slender legs for a finishing sprint. A Bithynian nicknamed GRAUS won the Olympic dolichos three times in a row (? 213-221 CE) and FLAVIUS Metrobius claims 140 victories in the late first century CE. The achievement of POLITES of Caria, who won STADION, DIAULOS and dolichos on the same day at Olympia (69 BC), was as remarkable."
[2]
Miller, p. 32. "At the next Olympiad, in 720, a long-distance footrace called the dolichos was added to the program. The sources are not unanimous about the length of this race: some claim that it was twenty laps of the stadium track, others that it was twenty-four. It may have differed from site to site, but it was in the range of 7.5 to 9 kilometers. We can identify a dolichos in paintings where the runners' knees are low and barely bent, with the arms drawn close to the sides."

Referències

Golden, Mark. Sport in the Ancient World from A to Z. Routledge, 2003. ISBN 0-415-24881-7
Miller, Stephen G. Ancient Greek Athletics: the events at Olympia, Delphi, Nemea, and Isthmia. Yale University Press, 2004. ISBN 0-300-11529-6

[1] [1]
Golden, p. 55. "Dolichos, "long race", one of the regular events of Greek competitive festivals. The dolichos varied in length from seven to twenty-four lengths of the STADIUM - from 1,400 to 4,800 Greek feet. The race at Olympia was apparently one of the longest; only men ran here - the first winner, in 720, was ACANTHUS of Sparta. However, dolichos was on the original programme for paides as well as men at the Pythian games and is attested at Nemea too. The dolichos for younger competitors may have been shorter (like all the footraces for boys and AGENEIOI Plato planned for his Cretan city). A horse (says Galen) would run dolichos better than a man. Among men, the ideal was a strong neck and shoulders - to hold up the hands during most of the race - and light, slender legs for a finishing sprint. A Bithynian nicknamed GRAUS won the Olympic dolichos three times in a row (? 213-221 CE) and FLAVIUS Metrobius claims 140 victories in the late first century CE. The achievement of POLITES of Caria, who won STADION, DIAULOS and dolichos on the same day at Olympia (69 BC), was as remarkable."

[2] [2]
Miller, p. 32. "At the next Olympiad, in 720, a long-distance footrace called the dolichos was added to the program. The sources are not unanimous about the length of this race: some claim that it was twenty laps of the stadium track, others that it was twenty-four. It may have differed from site to site, but it was in the range of 7.5 to 9 kilometers. We can identify a dolichos in paintings where the runners' knees are low and barely bent, with the arms drawn close to the sides."

[1]

[2]