Si René Descartes ( or UK: ; Pranses: [ʁəne dekaʁt] ( dangogon); Latinized: Renatus Cartesius;[lower-alpha 2][15] 31 Marso 1596 – 11 Pebrero 1650[16][17][18]: Script error: The function "hyphen2dash" does not exist. ) sarong Pranses na pilosopo, matematiko, asin siyensya na nag-imbento kan analytical geometry, na pinagsuway an heometriya asin alhebra. Siya nagtrabaho sa Dutch Republic, nagsirbe sa Dutch States Army of Maurice of Nassau, Prince of Orange asin Stadtholder kan United Provinces. Saro sa mga midbid na matatali sa Dutch Golden Age,[19] si Descartes an saro sa mga nagmukna kan modernong pilosopiya.
Quick Facts Kamundagan, Kagadanan ...
René Descartes |
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Kamundagan | 31 March 1596 La Haye en Touraine, Touraine, Kingdom of France |
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Kagadanan | 11 February 1650 (aged 53) Stockholm, Swedish Empire |
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Nasyunalidad | French |
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Edukasyon |
- Collège Royal Henry-Le-Grand (1607–1614)
- University of Poitiers (LL.B., 1616)
- University of Franeker (no degree)
- Leiden University (no degree)
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Era | 17th-century philosophy Age of Enlightenment |
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Region | Western philosophy Dutch philosophy French philosophy |
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School |
- Rationalism
- Cartesianism
- Mechanism
- Innatism[2]: Script error: The function "hyphen2dash" does not exist.
- Foundationalism[3]
- Conceptualism[4]: Script error: The function "hyphen2dash" does not exist.
- Augustinianism[5]
- Indirect realism[6]: Script error: The function "hyphen2dash" does not exist.
- Correspondence theory of truth[7]
- Corpuscularianism[8]
- Theological voluntarism[9]
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Thesis | Untitled LL.B. thesis (1616) |
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Main interests | Epistemology, metaphysics, mathematics, physics, cosmology |
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Notable ideas |
Lista
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- Cogito ergo sum
- Method of doubt
- Subjectivity
- Method of normals
- Analytic geometry
- Cartesian coordinate system
- Mind–body problem
- Cartesian dualism
(interactionism, trialism)
- Cartesian circle
- Foundationalism
- Mathesis universalis
- Folium of Descartes
- Dream argument
- Evil demon
- Conservation of momentum (quantitas motus)
- Balloonist theory
- Wax argument
- Trademark argument
- Causal adequacy principle
- Res cogitans/res extensa distinction
- Conatus
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Influences
- Plato
- Aristotle
- Archimedes
- Alhazen
- Al-Ghazali[10]
- Averroes
- Anselm
- Elisabeth of the Palatinate
- Augustine
- Stoics
- Aquinas
- Ockham
- Suárez
- Mersenne
- Sextus Empiricus
- Montaigne
- Jacobus Golius
- Beeckman
- Harvey[11]
- Viète[12]
- Duns Scotus[9]
- Teresa of Ávila[13]
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Influenced
Virtually all subsequent Western philosophy, especially Spinoza, Leibniz, Locke, Malebranche, Arnauld, Bossuet, [14] Pascal, Huygens, Newton, Voltaire, Rousseau, Hume, Gibbon, Kant, Schopenhauer, Nietzsche, Husserl, Chomsky
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Lagda | |
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Close
- 3587 Descartes, asteroid
- Cartesian circle
- Cartesian doubt
- Cartesian materialism (not a view that was held by or formulated by Descartes)
- Descartes number
- Cartesian plane
- Descartes Prize
- Descartes-Huygens Prize
- Cartesian product
- Cartesian product of graphs
- Cartesian theater
- Cartesian tree
- Descartes crater and Highlands on the Moon (Apollo 16 landing site)
- Descartes' rule of signs
- Descartes's theorem (4 tangent circles)
- Descartes' theorem on total angular defect
- Folium of Descartes
- Bucket argument
- Paris Descartes University
Nota
Although the uncertain authorship of this most iconic portrait of Descartes was traditionally attributed to Frans Hals, there is no record of their meeting. During the 20th century the assumption was widely challenged.[1]
Adjectival form: Cartesian
Citations
Tad M. Schmaltz, Radical Cartesianism: The French Reception of Descartes, Cambridge University Press, 2002, p. 257.
Bostock, D., Philosophy of Mathematics: An Introduction, Wiley-Blackwell, 2009, p. 43: "All of Descartes, Locke, Berkeley, and Hume supposed that mathematics is a theory of our ideas, but none of them offered any argument for this conceptualist claim, and apparently took it to be uncontroversial."
Yolton, J. W., Realism and Appearances: An Essay in Ontology, Cambridge University Press, 2000, p. 136.
Gaukroger, S., Descartes: An Intellectual Biography, Clarendon Press, 1995, p. 228.
Étienne Gilson argued in La Liberté chez Descartes et la Théologie (Alcan, 1913, pp. 132–147) that Duns Scotus was not the source of Descartes's Voluntarism. Although there exist doctrinal differences between Descartes and Scotus "it is still possible to view Descartes as borrowing from a Scotist Voluntarist tradition" (see: John Schuster, Descartes-Agonistes: Physico-mathematics, Method & Corpuscular-Mechanism 1618–33, Springer, 2012, p. 363, n. 26).
H. Ben-Yami, Descartes' Philosophical Revolution: A Reassessment, Palgrave Macmillan, 2015, p. 76.
H. Ben-Yami, Descartes' Philosophical Revolution: A Reassessment, Palgrave Macmillan, 2015, p. 179: "[Descartes'] work in mathematics was apparently influenced by Viète's, despite his denial of any acquaintance with the latter's work."
Wells, John (3 April 2008). Longman Pronunciation Dictionary (3rd ed.). Pearson Longman. ISBN 978-1-4058-8118-0.
"Descartes". Collins English Dictionary. HarperCollins.
"Descartes, René[permanent dead link]" (US English). Lexico. Oxford University Press. 2020.
Colie, Rosalie L. (1957). Light and Enlightenment. Cambridge University Press. p. 58.
Nadler, Steven. 2015. The Philosopher, the Priest, and the Painter: A Portrait of Descartes. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-16575-2.
Ginikanan
- Agostini, Siegrid; Leblanc, Hélène, eds. (2015). Examina Philosophica. I Quaderni di Alvearium (PDF). Le fondement de la science. Les dix premières années de la philosophie cartésienne (1619–1628).
- Boyer, Carl (1985). A History of Mathematics. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-02391-5.
- Carriero, John (2008). Between Two Worlds. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-13561-8.
- Chomsky, Noam (1966). Cartesian Linguistics: A Chapter in the History of Rationalist Thought. New York: Harper & Row. ISBN 978-1-877275-34-0.; (2009) Third Edition, edited with a new introduction by James McGilvray, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-70817-3
- Clarke, Desmond (2006). Descartes: A Biography. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-82301-2.
- Costabel, Pierre (1987). René Descartes – Exercices pour les éléments des solides. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France. ISBN 978-2-13-040099-8.
- Cottingham, John (1992). The Cambridge Companion to Descartes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-36696-0.
- Duncan, Steven M. (2008). The Proof of the External World: Cartesian Theism and the Possibility of Knowledge. Cambridge: James Clarke & Co. ISBN 978-0-227-17267-4. Archived from the original on 23 December 2008.
- Farrell, John. "Demons of Descartes and Hobbes." Paranoia and Modernity: Cervantes to Rousseau (Cornell UP, 2006), chapter 7.
- Garber, Daniel (1992). Descartes' Metaphysical Physics. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-28219-0.
- Garber, Daniel; Ayers, Michael (1998). The Cambridge History of Seventeenth-Century Philosophy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-53721-6.
- Gaukroger, Stephen (1995). Descartes: An Intellectual Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-823994-9.
- Gillespie, A. (2006). Descartes' demon: A dialogical analysis of 'Meditations on First Philosophy.' Theory & Psychology, 16, 761–781.
- Grayling, A.C. (2005). Descartes: The Life and times of a Genius. New York: Walker Publishing Co., Inc. ISBN 978-0-8027-1501-2.
- Heidegger, Martin [1938] (2002) The Age of the World Picture in Off the beaten track pp. 57–85
- Keeling, S. V. (1968). Descartes. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Melchert, Norman (2002). The Great Conversation: A Historical Introduction to Philosophy. New York: McGraw Hill. ISBN 978-0-19-517510-3.
- Monnoyeur, Françoise (November 2017), Matière et espace dans le système cartésien, Paris, Harmattan, 266 pages. ISBN 978-2-343-13394-2.
- Moreno Romo, Juan Carlos, Vindicación del cartesianismo radical, Anthropos, Barcelona, 2010.
- Moreno Romo, Juan Carlos (Coord.), Descartes vivo. Ejercicios de hermenéutica cartesiana, Anthropos, Barcelona, 2007
- Naaman-Zauderer, Noa (2010). Descartes' Deontological Turn: Reason, Will and Virtue in the Later Writings. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-76330-1.
- Negri, Antonio (2007) The Political Descartes, Verso.
- Ozaki, Makoto (1991). Kartenspiel, oder Kommentar zu den Meditationen des Herrn Descartes. Berlin: Klein Verlag. ISBN 978-3-927199-01-9.
- Sasaki Chikara (2003). Descartes's Mathematical Thought. (Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science, 237.) xiv + 496 pp., bibl., indexes. Dordrecht/Boston/London: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
- Schäfer, Rainer (2006). Zweifel und Sein – Der Ursprung des modernen Selbstbewusstseins in Descartes' cogito. Wuerzburg: Koenigshausen&Neumann. ISBN 978-3-8260-3202-8.
- Serfati, Michel, 2005, "Géometrie" in Ivor Grattan-Guinness, ed., Landmark Writings in Western Mathematics. Elsevier: 1–22.
- Sorrell, Tom (1987). Descartes. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-287636-2.
- Vrooman, Jack Rochford (1970). René Descartes: A Biography. Putnam Press.
- Watson, Richard A. (2012). "René Descartes". Encyclopædia Britannica (Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc). http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/158787/Rene-Descartes. Retrieved on 31 March 2012.
- Watson, Richard A. (2007). Cogito, Ergo Sum: a life of René Descartes. David R Godine. 2002, reprint 2007. ISBN 978-1-56792-335-3. Was chosen by the New York Public library as one of "25 Books to Remember from 2002"
- Woo, B. Hoon (2013). "The Understanding of Gisbertus Voetius and René Descartes on the Relationship of Faith and Reason, and Theology and Philosophy". Westminster Theological Journal 75 (1): 45–63. https://www.academia.edu/3325870.
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy