Tajikistani Civil War
Armed conflict / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Tajikistani Civil War,[pron 1] also known as the Tajik Civil War, began in May 1992 and ended in June 1997. Regional groups from the Garm and Gorno-Badakhshan regions of Tajikistan rose up against the newly formed government of President Rahmon Nabiyev, which was dominated by people from the Khujand and Kulob regions. The rebel groups were led by a combination of liberal democratic reformers[12] and Islamists, who would later organize under the banner of the United Tajik Opposition. The government was supported by Russian military and border guards.[13]
Tajikistani Civil War | |||||||
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Part of the post-Soviet conflicts and spillover of the Afghan Civil War (1992–1996) | |||||||
Spetsnaz soldiers of the 15th Independent Special Forces Brigade during the Civil War | |||||||
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Belligerents | |||||||
Russia | |||||||
Commanders and leaders | |||||||
Rahmon Nabiyev Akbarsho Iskandrov Emomali Rahmon Islam Karimov Boris Yeltsin Nursultan Nazarbayev Askar Akayev Hassan Abaza |
Sayid Abdulloh Nuri (UTO) Mohammed Sharif Himmatzade (IRP) Ibn al-Khattab Shadman Youssof (Democratic Party) | ||||||
Strength | |||||||
42,000–45,000 5,000–15,000 border troops 20,600 10,300 278[9] | Estimated around 50,000–70,000 | ||||||
Casualties and losses | |||||||
Unknown | Unknown | ||||||
20,000[10]–150,000 killed[11] 1.2 million displaced | |||||||
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The main zone of conflict was in the country's south, although disturbances occurred nationwide.[14][15] The civil war was at its peak during its first year and continued for five years, devastating the country.[14][16] An estimated 20,000[10] to 150,000[11] people were killed in the conflict, and about 10 to 20 percent of the population of Tajikistan were internally displaced.[13] On 27 June 1997, Tajikistan president Emomali Rahmon, United Tajik Opposition (UTO) leader Sayid Abdulloh Nuri and Special Representative of the United Nations Secretary-General Gerd Merrem signed the General Agreement on the Establishment of Peace and National Accord in Tajikistan and the Moscow Protocol in Moscow, Russia, ending the war.[17]