Xanthine
Chemical compound / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Xanthine (/ˈzænθiːn/ or /ˈzænθaɪn/, from Ancient Greek ξανθός xanthós 'yellow' due to its yellowish-white appearance; archaically xanthic acid; systematic name 3,7-dihydropurine-2,6-dione) is a purine base found in most human body tissues and fluids, as well as in other organisms.[2] Several stimulants are derived from xanthine, including caffeine, theophylline, and theobromine.[3][4]
Quick Facts Names, Identifiers ...
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Preferred IUPAC name
3,7-Dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione | |
Other names
1H-Purine-2,6-dione | |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.653 |
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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Properties | |
C5H4N4O2 | |
Molar mass | 152.11 g/mol |
Appearance | White solid |
Melting point | decomposes |
1 g/ 14.5 L @ 16 °C 1 g/1.4 L @ 100 °C | |
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NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Xanthine is a product on the pathway of purine degradation.[2]
- It is created from guanine by guanine deaminase.
- It is created from hypoxanthine by xanthine oxidoreductase.
- It is also created from xanthosine by purine nucleoside phosphorylase.
Xanthine is subsequently converted to uric acid by the action of the xanthine oxidase enzyme.[2]