Lockheed EC-121 Warning Star
Airborne early warning and control aircraft based on the Constellation airframe / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Lockheed EC-121 Warning Star was an American airborne early warning and control radar surveillance aircraft operational in the 1950s in both the United States Navy (USN) and United States Air Force (USAF).
EC-121 Warning Star | |
---|---|
EC-121T Warning Star | |
Role | Airborne early warning and control |
National origin | United States |
Manufacturer | Lockheed Corporation |
First flight | 9 June 1949 |
Introduction | 1954 |
Retired | 1978 (USAF) 1982 (USN) |
Primary user | United States Navy, United States Air Force |
Produced | 1953–1958 |
Number built | 232 |
Developed from | L-749 Constellation L-1049 Super Constellation C-121 Constellation |
The military version of the Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellation was used to serve as an airborne early warning system to supplement the Distant Early Warning Line, using two large radomes (a vertical dome above and a horizontal one below the fuselage). It replaced the TBM-3W used by the USN. Some EC-121s were also used for signal intelligence gathering. The EC-121 was introduced in 1954 and phased out in 1978, although a single specially modified EW aircraft remained in USN service until 1982.
The USN versions when initially procured were designated WV-1 (PO-1W), WV-2, and WV-3. The USAF Warning Stars served during the Vietnam War both as electronic sensor monitors and as a forerunner to the Boeing E-3 Sentry AWACS. USAF aircrews adopted its civil nickname, "Connie" (diminutive of Constellation) as reference, USN aircrews used the nickname "Willie Victor".