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Indoctrination
Inculcating a person with certain ideas / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Indoctrination is the process of inculcating (teaching by repeated instruction) a person or people into an ideology (i.e. a doctrine).[1] Broadly speaking, indoctrination can refer to a general process of socialization.[2] In common discourse, the term often has a pejorative valence to refer to forms of brainwashing or for disagreeable forms of socialization.[2] However, it can refer to both positive and negative forms of cultural transmission, and is evidently an integral element of educatory practice.[3]
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The precise boundary between education and indoctrination is contested. The concept originally referred to education, but after World War I, the term took on a pejorative meaning akin to brainwashing or propaganda.[2][4] Some distinguish indoctrination from education on the basis that the indoctrinated person is expected not to question or critically examine the doctrine they have learned.[5] As such the term may be used pejoratively or as a buzz word, often in the context of political opinions, theology, religious dogma or anti-religious convictions.
Common vectors of indoctrination include the state, educational institutions, the arts, culture, and the media. Understood as a process of socialization into “ideal-type” citizens, indoctrination takes place in both democratic and authoritarian systems of government.[2]