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Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer
Autosomal dominant genetic condition associated with a high risk of cancer in the colon / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) is a hereditary predisposition to colon cancer.
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Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer | |
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Micrograph showing tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (in a colorectal cancer), a finding associated with MSI-H tumours, as may be seen in Lynch syndrome. H&E stain. | |
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HNPCC includes (and was once synonymous with)[1] Lynch syndrome, an autosomal dominant genetic condition that is associated with a high risk of colon cancer, endometrial cancer (second most common), ovary, stomach, small intestine, hepatobiliary tract, upper urinary tract, brain, and skin.[2] The increased risk for these cancers is due to inherited genetic mutations that impair DNA mismatch repair. It is a type of cancer syndrome.
Other HNPCC conditions include Lynch-like syndrome, polymerase proofreading-associated polyposis and familial colorectal cancer type X.[1]