9×19mm Parabellum
Pistol cartridge designed by Georg Luger / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The 9×19mm Parabellum (also known as 9mm PARA, 9mm Luger, 9mm NATO or simply 9mm) is a rimless, centerfire, tapered firearms cartridge.
9×19mm Parabellum | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Type | Pistol | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Place of origin | German Empire | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Service history | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Used by | Most military and civilian agencies around the world | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Wars | World War I – present | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Production history | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Designer | Georg Luger | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Designed | 1901 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Produced | 1902–present | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Variants | 9×19mm Parabellum +P | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Specifications | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Parent case | 7.65×21mm Parabellum | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Case type | Rimless, tapered | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Bullet diameter | 9.01 mm (0.355 in) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Land diameter | 8.82 mm (0.347 in) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Neck diameter | 9.65 mm (0.380 in) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Base diameter | 9.93 mm (0.391 in) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Rim diameter | 9.96 mm (0.392 in) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Rim thickness | 1.27 mm (0.050 in) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Case length | 19.15 mm (0.754 in) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Overall length | 29.69 mm (1.169 in) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Case capacity | 0.862 cm3 (13.30 gr H2O) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Rifling twist | 250 mm (1-9.84in) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Primer type | Berdan or boxer small pistol | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Maximum pressure (CIP) | 235.00 MPa (34,084 psi) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Maximum pressure (SAAMI) | 241.3165 MPa (35,000.00 psi) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Ballistic performance | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Test barrel length: 118 mm (4.65 in) Source(s): Sellier & Bellot,[1] CIP,[2] Norma Ammunition,[3] Underwood Ammunition,[4] RBCD Performance Plus Ammunition[5] |
Originally designed by Austrian firearm designer Georg Luger in 1901,[6] it is widely considered the most popular handgun and submachine gun cartridge due to its low cost, adequate stopping power and extensive availability.[7][8][9]
Since the cartridge was designed for the Luger semi-automatic pistol, it has been given the designation of 9mm Luger by the Sporting Arms and Ammunition Manufacturers' Institute (SAAMI)[10] and the Commission internationale permanente pour l'épreuve des armes à feu portatives (CIP).[2]
A 2007 US survey concluded that "about 60 percent of the firearms in use by police are 9mm [Parabellum]" and credited 9×19mm Parabellum pistol sales with making semiautomatic pistols more popular than revolvers.[11]