Մասնակից:Narek Haroyan/Ավազարկղ2
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Տերբինաֆինը արդյունավետ է դերմատոֆիտի խմբի սնկերի դեպքում։ Կաղապար:Short description Կաղապար:Use dmy dates Կաղապար:Good article Կաղապար:Infobox drug Aspirin, also known as acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), is a medication used to treat pain, fever, or inflammation.[1] Specific inflammatory conditions which aspirin is used to treat include Kawasaki disease, pericarditis, and rheumatic fever.[1] Aspirin given shortly after a heart attack decreases the risk of death.[1] Aspirin is also used long-term to help prevent further heart attacks, ischaemic strokes, and blood clots in people at high risk.[1] It may also decrease the risk of certain types of cancer, particularly colorectal cancer.[2] For pain or fever, effects typically begin within 30 minutes.[1] Aspirin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and works similarly to other NSAIDs but also suppresses the normal functioning of platelets.[1]
One common adverse effect is an upset stomach.[1] More significant side effects include stomach ulcers, stomach bleeding, and worsening asthma.[1] Bleeding risk is greater among those who are older, drink alcohol, take other NSAIDs, or are on other blood thinners.[1] Aspirin is not recommended in the last part of pregnancy.[1] It is not generally recommended in children with infections because of the risk of Reye syndrome.[1] High doses may result in ringing in the ears.[1]
A precursor to aspirin found in leaves from the willow tree has been used for its health effects for at least 2,400 years.[3][4] In 1853, chemist Charles Frédéric Gerhardt treated the medicine sodium salicylate with acetyl chloride to produce acetylsalicylic acid for the first time.[5] For the next fifty years, other chemists established the chemical structure and came up with more efficient production methods.[5]:69–75 In 1897, scientists at the Bayer company began studying acetylsalicylic acid as a less-irritating replacement medication for common salicylate medicines.[5]:69–75[6] By 1899, Bayer had named it "Aspirin" and sold it around the world.[7] Aspirin's popularity grew over the first half of the twentieth century leading to competition between many brands and formulations.[8] The word Aspirin was Bayer's brand name; however, their rights to the trademark were lost or sold in many countries.[8]
Aspirin is one of the most widely used medications globally, with an estimated 40,000 tonnes (44,000 tons) (50 to 120 billion pills) consumed each year.[3][9] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the safest and most effective medicines needed in a health system.[10] As of 2014[update], the wholesale cost in the developing world is Կաղապար:US$0.002 to Կաղապար:US$0.025 per dose.[11] As of 2015[update], the cost for a typical month of medication in the United States is less than Կաղապար:US$25.00.[12] It is available as a generic medication.[1] In 2016, it was the 38th most prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 19 million prescriptions.[13]