Progesterone
Sex hormone / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Dear Wikiwand AI, let's keep it short by simply answering these key questions:
Can you list the top facts and stats about progesterone?
Summarize this article for a 10 year old
Progesterone (P4) is an endogenous steroid and progestogen sex hormone involved in the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and embryogenesis of humans and other species.[3][13] It belongs to a group of steroid hormones called the progestogens[13] and is the major progestogen in the body. Progesterone has a variety of important functions in the body. It is also a crucial metabolic intermediate in the production of other endogenous steroids, including the sex hormones and the corticosteroids, and plays an important role in brain function as a neurosteroid.[14]
Names | |
---|---|
IUPAC name | |
Systematic IUPAC name
(1S,3aS,3bS,9aR,9bS,11aS)-1-Acetyl-9a,11a-dimethyl-1,2,3,3a,3b,4,5,8,9,9a,9b,10,11,11a-tetradecahydro-7H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-one | |
Other names
P4;[3] Pregnenedione | |
Identifiers | |
| |
3D model (JSmol) |
|
ChEBI | |
ChEMBL | |
ChemSpider |
|
DrugBank |
|
ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.318 |
KEGG |
|
PubChem CID |
|
UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
|
| |
| |
Properties | |
C21H30O2 | |
Molar mass | 314.469 g/mol |
Melting point | 126 |
log P | 4.04[4] |
Pharmacology | |
G03DA04 (WHO) | |
By mouth, topical/transdermal, vaginal, intramuscular injection, subcutaneous injection, subcutaneous implant | |
Pharmacokinetics: | |
OMP: <10%[5][6] | |
• Albumin: 80% • CBG: 18% • SHBG: <1% • Free: 1–2%[7][8] | |
Hepatic (CYP2C19, CYP3A4, CYP2C9, 5α-reductase, 3α-HSDTooltip 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 17α-hydroxylase, 21-hydroxylase, 20α-HSDTooltip 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase)[9][10] | |
OMP: 16–18 hours[5][6][11] IM: 22–26 hours[6][12] SC: 13–18 hours[12] | |
Renal | |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
|
In addition to its role as a natural hormone, progesterone is also used as a medication, such as in combination with estrogen for contraception, to reduce the risk of uterine or cervical cancer, in hormone replacement therapy, and in feminizing hormone therapy.[15] It was first prescribed in 1934.[16]