User:Stephen2nd/Disestablishments of WWI
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Royal disestablishments of the 20th Century
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In World War I and afterwards, leading up to the start of WWII, the crowned heads of 30 royal houses were deposed or abdicated. Defeat in WWI also brought about the collapse of four great Empires, three of which collapsed in 1917-1918; the Russian Empire under the Tsar Nicholas II in March 1917, the German Empire under the Kaiser Wilhelm II, including his numerous Kings, Princes and Dukes in November 1918, the Austrian Empire under the Emperor Charles I, who also lost his two other thrones as King Charles III of Bohemia, and King Charles IV of Hungary, also in 1918. The King and Kingdom of Finland, and Nicholas I of Montenegro suffered the same fate in 1918. The Ottoman Empire fell when the Sultanate was abolished in 1922, and its Caliphate was abolished in 1924. A few crowned heads managed to survive until the 1930’s, when Alfonso of Spain in 1931, then Zog of Albania abdicated in 1936. Carol of Romania fled in 1940 after WWII started. Although the British crowned heads narrowly missed these same fates, numerous members of their royal families, did not.