User:Mr. Ibrahem/Psychosis
Medical condition / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Psychosis is an abnormal condition of the mind that results in difficulties determining what is real and what is not.[4] Symptoms may include false beliefs (delusions) and seeing or hearing things that others do not see or hear (hallucinations).[4] Other symptoms may include incoherent speech and behavior that is inappropriate for the situation.[4] There may also be sleep problems, social withdrawal, lack of motivation, and difficulties carrying out daily activities.[4]
Psychosis | |
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Other names | Psychotic break |
Van Gogh's The Starry Night, from 1889, shows changes in light and color as can appear with psychosis.[1][2][3] | |
Specialty | Psychiatry, clinical psychology |
Symptoms | False beliefs, seeing or hearing things that others do not see or hear, incoherent speech[4] |
Complications | Self-harm, suicide[5] |
Causes | Mental illness (schizophrenia, bipolar disorder), sleep deprivation, some medical conditions, certain medications, drugs (including alcohol and cannabis)[4] |
Treatment | Antipsychotics, counselling, social support[5] |
Prognosis | Depends on cause[5] |
Frequency | 3% of people at some point in time (US)[4] |
Psychosis has many different causes.[4] These include mental illness, such as schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, sleep deprivation, some medical conditions, certain medications, and drugs such as alcohol or cannabis.[4] One type, known as postpartum psychosis, can occur after giving birth.[6] The neurotransmitter dopamine is believed to play a role.[7] Acute psychosis is considered primary if it results from a psychiatric condition and secondary if it is caused by a medical condition.[8] The diagnosis of a mental illness requires excluding other potential causes.[9] Testing may be done to check for central nervous system diseases, toxins, or other health problems as a cause.[10]
Treatment may include antipsychotic medication, counselling, and social support.[4][5] Early treatment appears to improve outcomes.[4] Medications appear to have a moderate effect.[11][12] Outcomes depend on the underlying cause.[5] In the United States about 3% of people develop psychosis at some point in their lives.[4] Psychosis in adolescents is not very common.[13] The condition has been described since at least the 4th century BC by Hippocrates and possibly as early as 1500 BC in the Egyptian Ebers Papyrus.[14][15]