Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans
French royal and father of Louis Philippe I, King of the French / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans (Louis Philippe Joseph; 13 April 1747 – 6 November 1793), was a French Prince of the Blood who supported the French Revolution.
Louis Philippe II Philippe Égalité | |
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First Prince of the Blood Duke of Orléans | |
Born | Louis Philippe Joseph d'Orléans (1747-04-13)13 April 1747 Château de Saint-Cloud, Saint-Cloud, Kingdom of France |
Died | 6 November 1793(1793-11-06) (aged 46) Paris, French First Republic |
Spouse | |
Issue | |
House | Orléans |
Father | Louis Philippe I, Duke of Orléans |
Mother | Louise Henriette de Bourbon |
Signature |
Louis Philippe II was born at the Château de Saint-Cloud to Louis Philippe I, Duke of Chartres, and Louise Henriette de Bourbon. He was titled Duke of Montpensier at birth. When his grandfather Louis, Duke of Orléans, died in 1752, his father became the new Duke of Orléans and Louis Philippe II became Duke of Chartres. When his father died in 1785, he became Duke of Orléans and First Prince of the Blood. He was styled as Serene Highness (French: Son Altesse Sérénissime).
In 1792, during the Revolution, Louis Philippe changed his name to Philippe Égalité. He was a cousin of King Louis XVI and one of the wealthiest men in France. He actively supported the Revolution of 1789, and was a strong advocate for the elimination of the present absolute monarchy in favor of a constitutional monarchy. Égalité voted for the death of Louis XVI; however, he was himself guillotined in 1793 during the Reign of Terror. His son, also named Louis Philippe, became King of the French after the July Revolution of 1830. After Louis Philippe II, the term Orléanist came to be attached to the movement in France that favored a constitutional monarchy.