Guru Gobind Singh
Tenth Sikh guru from 1675 to 1708 / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Guru Gobind Singh (Punjabi pronunciation: [gʊɾuː goːbɪn̪d̪ᵊ sɪ́ŋgᵊ]; born Gobind Das;[22][23][24][25][26][lower-alpha 1] 22 December 1666 – 7 October 1708)[1][27] was the tenth and last human Sikh Guru.[28][lower-alpha 2] He was a warrior, poet, and philosopher. In 1675, at the age of nine he was formally installed as the leader of the Sikhs after his father Guru Tegh Bahadur was executed by Emperor Aurangzeb.[28][lower-alpha 3] His father was the ninth Sikh Guru. His four biological sons died during his lifetime – two in battle and two executed by the Mughal governor Wazir Khan.[34][35][36]
Among his notable contributions to Sikhism are founding the Sikh warrior community called Khalsa in 1699[6][37][38] and introducing the Five Ks, the five articles of faith that Khalsa Sikhs wear at all times. Guru Gobind Singh is credited with the Dasam Granth whose hymns are a sacred part of Sikh prayers and Khalsa rituals.[39][40] He is also credited as the one who finalized and enshrined the Guru Granth Sahib as Sikhism's primary holy religious scripture and the eternal Guru.[41][42]