Chronic kidney disease–mineral and bone disorder
Complication of chronic kidney disease / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Chronic kidney disease–mineral and bone disorder (CKD–MBD) is one of the many complications associated with chronic kidney disease. It represents a systemic disorder of mineral and bone metabolism due to CKD manifested by either one or a combination of the following:[1][2]
- Abnormalities of calcium, phosphorus (phosphate), parathyroid hormone, or vitamin D metabolism
- Abnormalities in bone turnover, mineralization, volume, linear growth, or strength
- Vascular or other soft-tissue calcification
CKD–MBD explains, at least in part, the high morbidity and mortality of CKD patients, linking kidney and bone disease with cardiovascular complications. It is a matter of discussion whether CKD–MBD may be considered a real syndrome or not.[3]
CKD–MBD broadens the "old" concept of "renal osteodystrophy", which now should be restricted to describing the bone pathology associated with CKD.[1][2] Thus, renal osteodystrophy is currently considered one measure of the skeletal component of the systemic disorder of CKD–MBD that is quantifiable by histomorphometry of bone biopsy.[1][4] New guidelines have been recently released.[5]